MEP 1422

ELECTRICAL DRIVES

Current ripple in unipolar and bipolar

switching schemes
 Current ripple

Current ripple unavoidable in power electronic converter systems:

Undesirable because:

Zero average increase machine heating

Ripple in torque can be reflected in speed response

Ratings of devices must consider ripple - higher rating

of peak current
 Current ripple

H-bridge dc-dc converter with dc machine as load

 Current ripple

H-bridge dc-dc converter with dc machine as load

Approximate dc
machine with RL load
 Current ripple

Load is linear
Principle of Superposition can be applied

Unipolar Bipolar

Vdc Vdc
Vave Vave

Vdc
 Current ripple

Unipolar

Vdc
Vave
 Current ripple
Unipolar

v(t) = Vave + vripple

Vdc
Vave i(t) = Iave + iripple

Vave Vdc Vave

 Current ripple - unipolar

Switching frequency is high

- Impedance of AC component dominated

i(t) = by
IaveL + iripple
- Ripple is calculated based on v-i relation of L
- L appear as short circuit in DC

i(t) Iave iripple

= +
Current ripple - unipolar

iripple
 Current ripple - unipolar
iripple vL
iripple

Vdc-Vave
+
vL i
TdAB
t

Ttri

di i vL
vL L vL L i t
dt t L

Vdc Vave
irr dab T
L
 Current ripple - unipolar

but Vave = dabVdc

dab d2ab
irr Vdc T , maximum when dab= 0.5
L

0.5 0.52
irr ,max Vdc Ttri
2L
Vdc Ttri
irr ,max
8L
Vdc Vave
irr dab T
L
 It can be shown that for bipolar scheme,

Vdc Ttri
irr ,max
2L

Max current ripple in bipolar scheme is four times that of unipolar scheme
 Current ripple - bipolar
Bipolar

Vdc
Vave v(t) = Vave + vripple

i(t) = Iave + iripple

-Vdc

+
Vdc Vave

Vave
 Current ripple - bipolar
iripple vL
iripple

V
2V -Vave
+ dcdc

vL i
TtridAB
t

Ttri

di i vL
vL L vL L i t
dt t L

Vdc Vave
i rr d ab Ttri
L
 Current ripple - bipolar

but Vave = 2(dab1)Vdc

d ab d 2ab
i rr 2Vdc Ttri , maximum when dab= 0.5
L

0.5 0.5 2
i rr ,max 2Vdc Ttri
L
Vdc Ttri
i rr ,max
2L Vdc Vave
i rr d ab Ttri
L
 Current ripple - bipolar

Vdc Ttri
i rr ,max
8L

Max ripple for bipolar Max ripple for unipolar

Vdc Ttri
i rr ,max
2L