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Dr. Abhishek Karn Dept. of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Dr. Abhishek Karn Dept. of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Microscopically
Epithelial cells are elongated and
flattened & stain more deeply with
haemotoxylin.
Minimum temperature for producing
a burn is 440C for 5-6 hours.
At650C, 2 seconds are sufficient to
produce burns.
Full
thickness destruction of skin
occurs within seconds above 700C.
1) Fire
2) Heated substance
3) Corrosive
4) Explosive
5) X-rays
6) UV rays
7) Electricity
8) Lightning
Dupuytrens classification(six degrees)
Wilsons classification (3 groups)
i. Epidermal- (1,2 Dupuytrens)
ii. Dermo-epidermal- (3,4 Dupuytrens)
iii. Dermal/Deep- (5-6 Dupuytrens)
Modern classification
i. Superficial- (1,2,3 Dupuytrens)
ii. Deep (4,5,6 Dupuytrens)
Epidermal
Involves the epidermis
Characterized by reddening
Tenderness and Pain
Increased warmth
Blistering due to capillary dilatation &
transudation of fluid into the t/s
Singeing of hair
Usually heals in ~ 7 days
Dermo-epidermal
Damage extends through the epidermis and
involves the dermis.
Not enough to interfere with regeneration of
the epithelium
Moist, shiny appearance
Salmon pink to red color
Most painful
Usually heal in ~7-21 days
Contraction of scar t/s
Dermal/Deep
Both epidermis and dermis are destroyed
along with SQ t/s, m/s & even bone
Thick, dry appearance
Pearly gray or charred black color
Painless
Cannot heal and require grafting
1. Superficial-
depth of lesion does not
extend beyond part of thickness of
the true skin.
2. Deep-
all burn injuries involving
the whole thickness of the true skin
or deeper tissue.
Erythema(redness) immediate
Vesication 2-3 hrs.
Pus, slough 36-72 hrs.
Fall of superficial slough 1 week
Fall of deep slough 2 weeks.
Granulation tissue begins to cover
the area and a scar is formed after
several weeks or even months
depending upon the amount of
suppuration, sloughing depth and
extent of the burn.
1. Extent of surface area of body
involved
2. Degree of heat
3. Duration of exposure
4. Depth of the burn injury
5. Site of injury
6. Age of the victim
7. Sex of the victim
Rule of Nines
Palm Rule
A. Primary causes of death
i. Neurogenic Shock
ii. Suffocation
iii. Accident/Injuries