WCDMA RNO Paging Procedure

Review

Paging is one of the most important procedures in

WCDMA.
Paging is critical factor associated with the call
setup success rate of the network.
 Objectives

Upon completion of this course,you will be able to:

Know the detailed paging

procedure in UMTS

Know how to optimize the

paging procedure
Course Contents

Paging initiation

Paging Type

UE DRX procedure

Paging parameters optimization

 Paging initiation

The network will initiate paging in the following three cases:

Mobile terminating call

UTRAN system information update

UE state transitions
 Mobile terminating call
UE NAS UE AS NSS MSC
paging
RANAP RANAP
RR_PAING_IND paging

RR_EST_REQ (PAGING RESPONSE)

RRC setup procedure

INITIAL_DIRECT_TRANSFER
AUTHENTICATION REQUEST (PAGING RESPONSE)

AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE

RR_SECURITY_CONTROL_REQ
(IK CK)

security mode control

SETUP

CALL CONFIRM

RAB setup procedure

ALERT
CONNECT

CONNECT ACKNOWLEDGE
 UTRAN system information update

When cell system information changed, paging type 1 is used

to inform mobile to read the updated system information. It is
special for the mobile in IDLE mode, CELL PCH and URA
PCH .
 UE state transitions
UTRA RRC Connected Mode
UTRA: GSM:
URA_PCH Inter-RAT Handover GSM
CELL_PCH Handover Connected
out of in
service out of Mode
service in
service service
GPRS
Packet
Transfer
CELL_DCH CELL_FACH Mode
out of in
service service Cell reselection Release RR Establish RR
Connection Connection
Release of Initiation of
temporary temporary
Release RRC Establish RRC Release RRC Establish RRC block flow block flow
Connection Connection Connection Connection

GPRS Packet Idle Mode1

Camping on a UTRAN cell1 Camping on a GSM / GPRS cell1

Idle Mode

When UTRAN wants mobile to change its state from CELL PCH or
URA PCH to CELL FACH, UTRAN will send paging type 1 to
mobile.
Course Contents

Paging initiation

Paging Type

UE DRX procedure

Paging parameters optimization

 Paging type 1
UE Node B Node B RNC RNC CN
1.1 2.1 1 2

1. Paging
RANAP RANAP

RANAP 1. Paging
RANAP

2. PCCH : Paging Type 1

3. PCCH : Paging Type 1

When receiving paging from core network, UTRAN decides

the paging type.
When mobile in IDLE mode, CELL PCH and URA PCH,
UTRAN will send paging type 1 on PCCH.
 Paging type 2

UE Serving CN
RNC

RANAP 1. Paging RANAP

2. DCCH : Paging Type 2

RRC RRC

Paging type 2 for a UE in RRC Connected Mode (CELL_DCH

and CELL_FACH states) on DCCH.
Course Contents

Paging initiation

Paging Type

UE DRX procedure

Paging parameters optimization

 DRX

The UE may use Discontinuous Reception (DRX) in order to reduce power

consumption. When DRX is used the UE needs only to monitor one Page
Indicator, PI, in one Paging Occasion per DRX cycle.
In FDD mode, DRX cycle length = 2^k, k is DRX cycle length coefficient.
The UE shall store each CN domain specific DRX cycle length for each CN
domain the UE is attached to and use the shortest of those DRX cycle
lengths.
The CS CN specific DRX cycle length coefficient shall be updated locally in
the UE using information given in system information.
The PS CN specific DRX cycle length coefficient shall be updated after the
negotiation between the UE and PS CN by NAS procedure.
 Paging Occasion

one paging
occasion
2^K-1

0 4095

PI PI P I PI
0 1 q NP-1

Paging Occasion = {(IMSI div K) mod (DRX cycle length div PBP)}
* PBP + n * DRX cycle length + Frame Offset, Where n = 0,1,2 as long as
SFN is below its maximum value. K is the number of SCCPCH bears the PCH.

In FDD mode, Paging Occasion = IMSI mod 2K + n*2K

 Paging Indicator Channel (PICH)

One PICH radio frame of length 10 ms consists of 300 bits (b0, b1, , b299). Of
these, 288 bits (b0, b1, , b287) are used to carry paging indicators.
In each PICH frame, Np paging indicators {P0, , PNp-1} are transmitted, where
Np=18, 36, 72, or 144.
The PI calculated by higher layers for use for a certain UE, is associated to the
paging indicator Pq . PI = DRX index mod NP = (IMSI div 8192) mod NP

If a paging indicator in a certain frame is set to "1" it is an indication that UEs

associated with this paging indicator and PI should read the corresponding frame of
the associated S-CCPCH.
 Mapping of paging indicators Pq to PICH bits

Number of paging Pq = 1 Pq = 0
indicators per frame (Np)

Np=18 {b16q, , b16q+15} = {1, 1, {b16q, , b16q+15} = {0, 0,

, 1} , 0}
Np=36 {b8q, , b8q+7} = {1, 1,, {b8q, , b8q+7} = {0, 0,,
1} 0}
Np=72 {b4q, , b4q+3} = {1, 1,, {b4q, , b4q+3} = {0, 0,,
1} 0}
Np=144 {b2q, b2q+1} = {1, 1} {b2q, b2q+1} = {0, 0}
 Random access procedure

The PICH timing is PICH = 7680 chips prior to its corresponding

S-CCPCH frame timing, i.e. the timing of the S-CCPCH carrying
the PCH transport channel with the corresponding paging
information
Course Contents

Paging initiation

Paging Type

UE DRX procedure

Paging parameters optimization

 Paging Cycle Coefficient

In the idle mode, the UE can receive the paging indication with DRX to reduce
the power consumption. At this time, the UE needs to detect only one paging
indication in a paging occasion within a DRX cycle. The DRX cycle length of
UTRAN domain is obtained by substituting this parameter into the formula
DRX cycle = 2K PBP frames. Where, K is [the paging cycle coefficient],
and PBP is the paging block cycle coefficient (In the FDD mode, PBP = 1).
Influence on the network performance: If this parameter is set too small,
the UE will detect the paging channel frequently, and thus the battery is
consumed fast; if it is set too big, the UE will react very slowly on the paging,
it will also occur that the system repeats the UE paging, and the downlink
interference will be increased.
 Np

Np is the number of paging indicators per frame. The value

range of this parameter is 18, 36, 72, or 144.
Influence on the network performance:
PI = DRX index mod NP = (IMSI div 8192) mod NP.
All of the IMSIs is divided into Np groups. If this parameter is
set too small, for one IMSI, the paged probability of this IMSI
will increase and it will consume too much power. If this
parameter is set too big, the paged probability will decrease.
The bit number of each PI decrease too, and it requests high
demodulation performance for UE.
 Summary

Paging initiation occasions: Mobile terminating call, UTRAN

system information update, UE state transitions.
Paging type: paging type 1 and paging type 2.
UE DRX procedure: UE may monitor the corresponding PI in
every paging cycle.
Parameters optimization: Paging Cycle Coefficient and Np.