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Lecture 8
Lecture 8
Lecture 8
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Lecture Goals
Pan Joist
One-way Slab
Pattern Loading
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Pan Joist Floor Systems
ACI Requirements for Joist Construction
(Sec. 8.11, ACI 318-02)
Slabs and ribs must be cast
monolithically.
Ribs must be spaced consistently
width
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Pan Joist Floor Systems
ACI Requirements for Joist Construction
(cont.)
(Sec. 8.11.2, ACI 318-02)
Depth of ribs may not be more than 3.5
exceed 30 inches.
** Ribbed slabs not meeting these
requirements are designed as slabs and
beams. **
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Pan Joist Floor Systems
Slab Thickness
(ACI Sec. 8.11.6.1)
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Pan Joist Floor Systems
Slab Thickness (cont.)
Building codes give minimum fire
resistance rating:
Note the
shapes
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Pan Joist Floor Systems
Standard Removable Form
Dimensions
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Pan Joist Floor Systems
Standard Removable Form
Dimensions (cont.)
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Pan Joist
Slabs
Standard Pan Joist
Form Dimensions
Ref. CECO Concrete
Construction Catalog
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Pan Joist
Slabs
Standard Pan Joist
Form Dimensions
Ref. CECO Concrete Construction
Catalog
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Pan Joist Floor Systems
Laying Out Pan Joist Floors
Rib/slab thickness
Governed by strength, fire rating,
available space
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Pan Joist Floor Systems
Laying Out Pan Joist Floors (cont.)
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Pan Joist Floor Systems
Distribution Ribs
Placed perpendicular to joists*
Spans < 20 ft.: None
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Member Depth
ACI provides minimum member depth
and slab thickness requirements that
can be used without a deflection
calculation (Sec. 9.5 ACI 318)
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Member Depth
ACI 318 - Table 9.5a:
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Member
Depth
ACI 318-99: Table 9.5a
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Member Depth
Rule of Thumb:
h (in.) ~ L (ft.)
b
Ex.) 30 ft. span -> h ~ 30 in.
b
May be a little large, but okay as a
start to calc. DL
Another Rule of Thumb:
w
DL (web below slab) ~ 15% (w SDL+
wLL)
Note: For design, start with maximum
moment for beam to finalize depth.
Select b as a function of d
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0.65) (d) 18
Approximate Analysis of Continuous
Beam and One-Way Slab
Systems
ACI Moment and Shear Coefficients
Approximate moments and shears
permitted for design of continuous
beams and one-way slabs
Section 8.3.3 of ACI Code
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Approximate Analysis of
Continuous Beam and One-Way
Slab Systems
ACI Moment and Shear Coefficients -
Requirements:
Two or more spans
Approximately Equal Spans
Larger of 2 adjacent spans not greater
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Approximate Analysis of
Continuous Beam and One-Way
Slab Systems
ACI Moment and Shear Coefficients -
Requirements: ( cont.)
Prismatic members
Same A, I, E throughout member length
coefficients to apply.
See Section
8.3.3 of ACI
Code
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Example
Design the eight-span east west
in figure. A typical 1-ft wide
design strip is shaded. A
partial section through this
strip is shown. The beams are
assumed to be 14 in. wide.
The concrete strength is 3750
psi and the reinforcement
strength is 60 ksi. The live
load is 100 psf and dead load
of 50 psf.
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Example One-way
Slab
Use table 9.5(a) to determine the minimum
thickness of the slab.
12 in
l 15 ft 180 in
ft
l 180 in.
End bay: min . h = 7.5 in.
24 24
l 180 in.
Interior bays: min h = 6.43 in.
28 28
Use 7.5 in.
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Example One-way
Slab
Compute the trial factored loads based on thickness.
1 ft lb lb
wD 7.5 in 150 3 93.75 2
12 in ft ft
Factored load
wu 1.2wD 1.6 wL 1.2 50 psf + 93.75 psf 1.6 100 psf
332.5 psf
Check ratio for 8.3.3
wL 3wD OK!
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Example One-way
Slab
Compute factored external moment.
wU L 332.5 psf 15 ft
2 2
MU 6801. lb-ft/ft
C 11
81.61 k-in/ft
Nominal moment
M U 81.61 k-in/ft
MN 90.68k-in/ft
0.9
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Example One-way
Slab
The thickness is 7.5 in. so we will assume that the bar
is located d = 7.5in 1.0 in. = 6.5 in. (From 3.3.2 ACI
318 0.75 in + ~0.25 in( 0.5*diameter of bar) = 1.0 in
Assume that the
a
M N T d As f y 0.9d moment arm is 0.9d
2
MN 90.68 k-in/ft
As 0.258 in 2 /ft
f y 0.9d 60 ksi 0.9 6.5 in
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Example One-way
Slab
Recalculate using A = 0.2 in 2
s
As f y 0.258 in. 60 ksi
a 0.405 in.
0.85 f cb 0.85 3.75 ksi 12 in
a MN
M N As f y d As
2 a
fy d
2
90.68 k-in/ft
As
0.405 in.
60 ksi 6.5 in.
2
0.240 in 2 /ft wood4657@yahoo.es
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Example One-way
Slab
Check the yield of the steel
a 0.405 in.
c 0.476 in.
1 0.85
d c 6.5 in. 0.476 in.
t cu 0.003
c 0.476 in.
0.038 0.005
Steel has yielded so
we can use = 0.9
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Example One-way
Slab
Check to minimum requirement for every foot
As 0.24 in.
0.00301
bd 12 in. 6.5 in.
200 200
f 60000 0.00333
y
min min 0.00333
3 f c 3 3750 0.0031
fy 60000
Problem!
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Example One-way
Slab
What we can do is rework the spacing between the bars
by change b Use a #4 bar As = 0.2 in2
As As 0.2 in 2
b 9.23 in.
bd d 0.00333 6.5 in.
Use b = 9 in.
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Example One-way
Slab
Check for shrinkage and temperature reinforcement for
min = 0.0018 As = minbh from 7.12.2.1 ACI
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Pattern Loads
Using influence lines to determine pattern
loads
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Pattern
Loads
Quantitativ
e Influence
Lines
Ordinate
are
calculated
(exact)
MacGregor (1997)
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Pattern Loads
Qualitative Influence Lines
Mueller-Breslau Principle
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Pattern Loads
Qualitative Influence Lines (cont.)
For moments
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Pattern Loads
Qualitative Influence Lines
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Pattern
Loads
Frame Example:
Maximize +M at point B.
Draw qualitative
influence lines.
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Pattern Loads
Arrangement of Live Loads (ACI
318-02, Sec. 8.9.1)
It shall be permitted to assume that:
The live load is applied only to the
floor or roof under consideration,
and
The far ends of columns built
integrally with the structure are
considered to be fixed.
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Pattern Loads
Arrangement of Live Loads ACI 318-
99, Sec. 8.9.2:
It shall be permitted to assume that the
arrangement of live load is limited to
combinations of:
Factored dead load on all spans with
full factored live load on two adjacent
spans.
Factored dead load on all spans with
full factored live load on alternate
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