The document discusses critical reasoning and identifying the different parts of an argument, including the premise, assumption, and conclusion. It provides examples of identifying these parts in sample arguments and different types of critical reasoning questions one might be asked, such as deducing the assumption, finding a statement that strengthens or weakens the argument, deducing the conclusion, or mimicking the reasoning pattern of an argument.
The document discusses critical reasoning and identifying the different parts of an argument, including the premise, assumption, and conclusion. It provides examples of identifying these parts in sample arguments and different types of critical reasoning questions one might be asked, such as deducing the assumption, finding a statement that strengthens or weakens the argument, deducing the conclusion, or mimicking the reasoning pattern of an argument.
The document discusses critical reasoning and identifying the different parts of an argument, including the premise, assumption, and conclusion. It provides examples of identifying these parts in sample arguments and different types of critical reasoning questions one might be asked, such as deducing the assumption, finding a statement that strengthens or weakens the argument, deducing the conclusion, or mimicking the reasoning pattern of an argument.
PREMISE A piece of information that is stated in the question (fact,
opinion or a claim)
ASSUMPTION Unstated part of the argument highly necessary to
reach the conclusion
CONCLUSION Logically derived from the assumption and premise
Conclusion = Premise + Assumption
HOW TO IDENTIFY THE DIFFERENT PARTS?
Suzuki Shogun is a leading contender for the
Motorbike of the Year award. If Suzuki Shogun wins the award, it must have a 600 cc Engine Exercise - 1 No one under eighteen years of age can vote. Jen is under eighteen years of age. Therefore, Jen cannot vote.
Premise: Conclusion: Assumption: TYPES OF QUESTIONS
Deduce the assumption:
Tobacco is injurious to health. Hence,
smoking cigarettes should be banned by the government TYPES OF QUESTIONS
Find the strengthening statement:
Ram : The KB pulsar can accelerate from 0 to 60 kmph in 4.5 seconds and is one of the fastest bikes in the market. Clearly, it is the bike you should buy (a) The KB pulsar is cheaper than other bikes (b) You are looking for a bike which has the fast rate of acceleration (c) Rams claim about KB pulsars capabilities has been proven to be scientifically incorrect (d) The KB pulsar has the best mileage in the market TYPES OF QUESTIONS
Find the weakening statement:
Ram : The KB pulsar can accelerate from 0 to 60 kmph in 4.5 seconds and is one of the fastest bikes in the market. Clearly, it is the bike you should buy (a) The KB pulsar is cheaper than other bikes (b) You are looking for a bike which has the fast rate of acceleration (c) Rams claim about KB pulsars capabilities has been proven to be scientifically incorrect (d) The KB pulsar has the best mileage in the market TYPES OF QUESTIONS Deduce the conclusion: Only great music directors win National Film awards. A. R. Rahman and Ilayaraja have won the most number of National awards for music direction Which of the following statements is the best suitable conclusion to the argument? (a) Ilaiyaraja is a better music director than A. R. Rahman (b) A.R. Rahman has won the award four times (c) A.R. Rahman and Ilaiyaraja are Indias greatest music directors (d) Satyajit Ray has won the award twice TYPES OF QUESTIONS Mimic the reasoning pattern: Sodium hydroxide is an alkali. All alkalis are bases. Hence, sodium hydroxide is a base. Which of the following arguments have the same reasoning pattern that of the passage above? (a) If raccoons bear live young, they must be mammals. So if they are amphibians, they must lay eggs to reproduce (b) Sandeep is an actor. All actors are directors. Hence, Sandeep is a director as well (c) India is my country. All Indians are my brothers and sisters. Hence, my brother is an Indian (d) If earth scientists are correct, global temperatures are rising. If the earths temperature increases, ocean levels will rise. So if ocean levels rise, earth scientists were correct.