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    Haldane's Toy Model: Presented By: Luqman Saleem

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    luqman
    This document summarizes Haldane's toy model, which proposes a way to realize the quantum Hall effect without an external magnetic field by breaking time-reversal symmetry. The model applies these ideas to graphene by introducing complex next-nearest-neighbor hopping amplitudes that break time-reversal symmetry without a net magnetic field. This opens a band gap and turns graphene into a topological insulator with quantized Hall conductance determined by the Chern number. The tight-binding Hamiltonian and band structure are presented, showing how the topology and quantum Hall effect emerge in this simple toy model of a topological insulator.

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    Haldane's Toy Model: Presented By: Luqman Saleem

    Uploaded by

    luqman
    72 views17 pages
    This document summarizes Haldane's toy model, which proposes a way to realize the quantum Hall effect without an external magnetic field by breaking time-reversal symmetry. The model applies these ideas to graphene by introducing complex next-nearest-neighbor hopping amplitudes that break time-reversal symmetry without a net magnetic field. This opens a band gap and turns graphene into a topological insulator with quantized Hall conductance determined by the Chern number. The tight-binding Hamiltonian and band structure are presented, showing how the topology and quantum Hall effect emerge in this simple toy model of a topological insulator.

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    Haldane's Toy Model presentation. Topological insulators Anomalous quantum hall effect

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    Haldane’s Toy Model

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    This document summarizes Haldane's toy model, which proposes a way to realize the quantum Hall effect without an external magnetic field by breaking time-reversal symmetry. The model applies these ideas to graphene by introducing complex next-nearest-neighbor hopping amplitudes that break time-reversal symmetry without a net magnetic field. This opens a band gap and turns graphene into a topological insulator with quantized Hall conductance determined by the Chern number. The tight-binding Hamiltonian and band structure are presented, showing how the topology and quantum Hall effect emerge in this simple toy model of a topological insulator.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    72 views17 pages

    Haldane's Toy Model: Presented By: Luqman Saleem

    Uploaded by

    luqman
    This document summarizes Haldane's toy model, which proposes a way to realize the quantum Hall effect without an external magnetic field by breaking time-reversal symmetry. The model applies these ideas to graphene by introducing complex next-nearest-neighbor hopping amplitudes that break time-reversal symmetry without a net magnetic field. This opens a band gap and turns graphene into a topological insulator with quantized Hall conductance determined by the Chern number. The tight-binding Hamiltonian and band structure are presented, showing how the topology and quantum Hall effect emerge in this simple toy model of a topological insulator.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 17

    Haldanes Toy Model

    Presented By: Luqman


    Saleem
    Background about this
    paper
    Author: F. Duncan M.
    Haldane, Professor in
    Princeton University,
    Nobel Laureate of
    2016
    This paper has more
    than 2000 citations.
    Classical hall effect
    Hall effect:
    Appearance of a
    voltage difference
    across a
    conductor when a
    transverse electric
    field and
    perpendicular
    magnetic field are
    applied.
    QHE
    Quantization
    of conductance in
    strong magnetic fields.
    IQHE: =1, 2, 3.

    Hall
    resistanc
    e

    Magnetic
    Interpretation of IQHE
    Free
    electron moving in B-field
    defined in terms of canonical
    momenta

    Similar to quantum harmonic


    oscillator:

    These energies are known as landau


    Levels.
    Topology
    IQHE:
    is Chern number.
    If trivial insulator.
    If topological insulator.
    is equal to no. of edge states
    Haldanes Toy Model
    Graphene
    Dirac points protected by time and
    spatial invariance.
    To make it topological insulator we have
    to open the band gaps.
    Breaking Time-Reversal Invariance
    Break time invariance by applying B
    such that total flux is zero.
    Non-uniform B in regions (+) and
    ()
    Complex NNN hopping

    Open=A-sub-lattice Closed=B-sub-lattice
    Tight binding Hamiltonian

    Cont.
    In momentum space:

    +)

    ++]
    ++]
    Cont.
    Using Pauli matrices:
    Cont.
    Without
    NNN
    With NNN but which gives:
    At K-point:
    At K-Point:
    Also calculate Chern number which
    will be
    So,
    Effect of inversion symmetry broken

    Potential on A-site and on B-sites.

    Which changes as:


    At K-point:
    At K-point:
    As long as system is an topological
    insulator ( flips sign)
    If system is topological trivial.
    At topological transition.
    Band Structure
    Webpage:
    http://
    nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/topocm
    /topocm_content/blob/edx_2015/w4_h
    aldane/haldane_model.ipynb
    References:
    Model for a Quantum Hall Effect
    without Landau Levels: Condensed-
    Matter Realization of the "Parity
    Anomaly, F.D.M Haldane, 1988
    Thank You

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