Hc vin nng nghip Vit Nam

khoa cng ngh sinh hc

ti

nhim mi trng t
GVHD:Trn Th Bnh Nguyn.
DSSV: Nguyn Th T :591194
Nguyn Th Thanh Hng:600768

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Tng quan.
t vn .
Nguyn nhn gy nhim mi
trng t.
Bin php khc phc.
Tng kt.

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I. t vn
t l mt ti nguyn v cng qu gi m t
nhin ban tng cho con ngi.
t ng vai tr quan trng: l mi trng nui
dng cc loi cy, l ni sinh vt sinh
sng, l ni con ngi sinh sng ,canh
tc.

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I.t vn .
Th nhng ngy nay, con ngi qu lm
dng ngun ti nguyn qu gi ny v
c nhiu tc ng c nh hng xu n.
Nhng tc ng khng nhng nh hng xu n h
sinh thi m cn nh hng n chnh sc khoe ca
con ngi.

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II.Nguyn nhn nhim mi
trng t

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II. Nguyn nhn nhim mi
trng t
a) Nguyn nhn t nhin :
- Do hot ng ra tri xi mn.
- Do hot ng ca ni la.
- do qu trnh tch t cc cht c hi lng ng
li trong t.

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II.Nguyn nhn gy nhim t.
b)Do hot ng nhn to:
-do hot ng cng nghip :rc thi kh thi v nc
thi cha qua x l thi vo mi trng t gy
nh hng nghim trng n mi trng t.
Theo B Ti nguyn v Mi trng (TN&MT) hng
nm c n 7 triu tn cht thi rn cng nghip,
hn 630.000 tn cht thi nguy hi; hin c 458
bi chn lp rc thi, trong c 337 bi chn lp
khng hp v sinh; furan. l nhng ngun tc
ng rt to ln n mi trng Vit Nam.
.
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II.Nguyn nhn gy nhim t
Theo thng k mi nht t S TN&MT TP. HCM,
mi ngy cc KCN trn a bn TP thi ra 6.700
tn cht thi rn. Trong c 1.500 - 2.000 tn
cht thi rn cng nghip v nguy hi. Chnh iu
ny v ang lm cho mi trung t ngy cng
nhim.
Ti ng Nai, theo kt qu quan trc nm 2015
tnh ng Nai khu vc t ti v tr tip nhn
ngun thi ca khu cng nghip Bin Ha 1 hm
lng ch (Pb) trong t vt t 3,3 n trn 4 ln;
hm lng km (Zn) vt t 3,9 n 4,9 ln .Cc
ch s kim loi nng trn u vt ngng cho
php c 3 tng thu mu. 8
II.Nguyn nhn gy nhim t.
n c ti tnh Thi Nguyn, hot ng khai thc
khong sn trn a bn tnh pht trin nhanh
chng, tuy nhin, do s dng cng ngh lc hu,
a phn khai thc theo kiu l thin cc n v
thi ra mt khi lng ln t thi, lm thu hp
v suy gim din tch t canh tc.
in hnh l cc bi thi ti m st Tri Cau (gn
2 triu m3 t thi/nm), m than Khnh Ha
(gn 3 triu m3 t thi/nm), m than Phn
M (hn 1 triu m3 t thi/nm)

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II. Nguyn nhn gy nhim t
- Do hot ng sn xut nng nghip:phn bn thuc
bo v tn d l nguyn nhn chnh lm nh hng
n mi trng t.
Theo thng k cy trng hp th trung bnh khong
40 - 50% lng phn bn (hp th phn m khong
30 - 45%, phn ln 40 - 45%, phn kali 50 - 60%).
Lng phn bn cn li c thi ra mi trng.
Ti mt s vng chuyn canh nng nghip, mc
s dng phn bn kh cao, vt so vi mc khuyn
co nhiu ln, iu dn n d lng phn bn
tn ng trong t kh ln, lm nhim mi trng
t.

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II. Nguyn nhn gy nhim t.
Vic s dng phn bn
khng ng k thut trong
canh tc nng nghip
khng nhng khng mang
qu m ngc li cn nh
hng nghim trng ti
mi trng t.
Theo l gii, trong phn bn
c trn 50% lng m,
50% lng kali v xp x
80% lng ln d tha trc
tip hay gin tip gy
nhim mi trng t.

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II. Nguyn nhn gy nhim t.
Theo thng tin t B NN&PTNT, hng nm, nc
ta s dng trung bnh 15.000 - 25.000 tn thuc
bo v thc vt. Bnh qun 1 ha gieo trng s
dng n 0,4 - 0,5 kg thuc bo v thc vt.
Cng theo Tng cc Mi trng (B TN&MT),
mi nm hot ng nng nghip pht sinh
khong 9.000 tn cht thi nng nghip nguy
hi, ch yu l thuc bo v thc vt, trong
khng t loi thuc c c cao b cm s
dng.

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II. Nguyn nhn gy
nhim t.

Ngoi ra, c nc cn khong 50 tn thuc

bo v thc vt tn lu ti hng chc kho bi;
37.000 tn ha cht dng trong nng nghip
b tch ang ch x l.

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III.Bin php khc phc.
Cn tip tc hon thin h thng php lut v bo v
mi trng, trong nhng ch ti x pht (cng
ch hnh chnh v x l hnh s) phi thc s
mnh sc rn e cc i tng vi phm.
Bn cnh , cn xy dng ng b h thng x l mi
trng trong cc nh my, cc khu cng nghip theo
cc tiu chun quc t.
. ng thi, hng ngi tiu dng n thi quen s
dng nng sn sch cng l yu t quan trng
h tr, thc y ngi nng dn pht trin mt nn
nng nghip bn vng gn lin vi vic bo v t
nng nghip.
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III.Bin php khc phc.
Tng cng cng tc nm tnh hnh, thanh tra,
kim tra, gim st v mi trng (thng xuyn,
nh k, t xut) nhm pht hin, ngn chn v
x l kp thi, trit nhng hnh vi gy nhim
mi trng ca cc t chc, c nhn.
ng thi, nng cao nng lc chuyn mn,
nghip v cho i ng cn b chuyn trch cng
tc mi trng; trang b cc phng tin k
thut hin i phc v c hiu qu hot ng
ca cc lc lng ny.

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III.Bin php khc phc.
Ch trng v t chc thc hin nghim tc vic
thm nh, nh gi tc ng mi trng i vi
cc d n u t, trn c s .Vic quyt nh
cc d n u t cn c cn nhc k lng
gia li ch em li trc mt vi nhng nh
hng ca n n mi trng v lu di
Thc hin cng khai, minh bch cc quy hoch,
cc d n u t v to iu kin mi t chc
v cng dn c th tham gia phn bin x hi v
tc ng mi trng ca nhng quy hoch v d
n .
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III.Bin php khc phc.
y mnh cng tc tuyn truyn, gio dc v
mi trng trong ton x hi nhm to s
chuyn bin v nng cao nhn thc, thc
chp hnh php lut bo v mi trng.
xy dng thc sinh thi, lm cho mi ngi
nhn thc mt cch t gic v v tr, vai tr,
mi quan h mt thit gia t nhin - con
ngi - x hi.

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VI.Tng kt.
Vn nhim t ngy cng tr nn nghim trng mi
ngi cn nng cao thc ca mnh bo v mi trng
t cng chnh l bo v sc khe ca con ngi.
Cn hi ha gia li ch v kinh t v s pht trin bn
vng ca mi trng.

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Ti liu tham kho
1
http://moitruong.com.vn/phat-trien-ben-vung/bao-ve-moi-truo
ng/thuc-trang-va-giai-phap-bao-ve-moi-truong-den-nam-2020-1
6991.htm

2
http://www.baotainguyenmoitruong.vn/moi-truong-va-phat-trie
n/201510/dat-dai-dang-suy-thoai-2637528/index.htm

3
http://www.baotainguyenmoitruong.vn/tai-nguyen-va-cuoc-son
g/201610/moi-truong-dat-dang-ganh-nhieu-nguon-o-nhiem-2746
134/index.htm
4
http://baotainguyenmoitruong.vn/moi-truong-va-phat-trien/20
19
1505/bao-dong-o-nhiem-dat-trong-san-xuat-nong-nghiep-584042
Cm n c v cc
bn lng nghe

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