Group 1

Ellie Greenthaner and Hana Alanskas

Group 1 elements

Lithium(Li)

Sodium(Na)

Potassium(K)

Rubidium(Rb)

Caesium(Cs)
Lithium (Li)
Atomic Number 3

Atomic Mass 6.94

At Room Temperature: solid

Melting point : 180.5 Degrees Celsius

Boiling point: 1342 Degrees Celsius

Silvery-white
Lithium (Li)
Atomic Radius: 152pm

Ionic Radius: 220pm

Electronegativity: 0.98
Lithium (Li)
Ionization Energy: 500kJ

Electron Affinity:59.6 kJ/mol

Uses: Rechargeable batteries

Lithium (Li)
Discovered by Johan Arfwedson

Lithium was named after the Greek lithos meaning stone or rock.

Found in brines, minerals and clays

Hazards are flammable and gives off toxic fumes

Sodium (Na)
Atomic mass 22.99

Atomic Number 11

State at room temperature: Solid

Boiling point: 883 Degrees Celsius

Melting point : 97.5 Degrees Celsius

Sodium (Na)
Atomic Radius: 190 pm

Ionic Radius: 227 pm

Electronegativity: 0.93
Sodium (Na)
Ionization Energy: 946 kJ/mol

Electron Affinity: 52.8kJ/mol

Uses: Table Salt

Sodium (Na)
Discovered by Humphry Davey

1807

English Word - Soda

Medieval Latin Word - Sodanum

Meaning Headache Remedy

Potassium (K)
Atomic mass 39.10

Atomic Number 19

State at room temperature: solid

Boiling point: 759 Degrees Celsius

Melting point : 63.38 Degrees Celsius

Atomic Radius: 243pm

Ionic Radius: 0.133

Electronegativity: 0.82
Ionization Energy: 418.8kJ/mol

Electron Affinity: 48.4 kJ/mol

Uses: Bananas and fertilizer

Potassium
Discovered by Humphry Davy

1808

Salt potash isolation

Found in Earths crust

dust and mist can lead to death

Rubidium(Rb)
Atomic mass 85.47

Atomic Number 37

State at room temperature: Liquid

Boiling point: 696 Degrees Celsius

Melting point : 39 Degrees Celsius

Rubidium
Atomic Radius: 248 pm

Ionic Radius: 0.149 nm

Electronegativity: 0.8
Rubidium
Ionization Energy: 402.9 kJ/mol

Electron Affinity: 46.9 kJ/mol

Uses: vacuum tubes as a getter

Rubidium(Rb)
Discovered by Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff

1861

Latin word rubidius(Dark red)

Found in Earths crust

spontaneously ignites and water reactive

Cesium(Cs)
Atomic mass 132.9

Atomic Number 55

State at room temperature: liquid

Boiling point: 670.8 Degrees Celsius

Melting point : 28.44 Degrees Celsius

Cesium(Cs)
Atomic Radius: 298 pm

Ionic Radius: 300pm

Electronegativity: 0.7
Cesium(Cs)
Ionization Energy: 375.6 kJ/mol

Electron Affinity: 45.5 kJ/mol

Uses: removes trace gases from vacuum tubes and atomic clocks
Cesium(Cs)
Discovered by Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff

1860

Blue lines in spectrum

First element discovered using spectroscope

Silicate magmas cooled from granites

Francium (Fr)
Atomic mass 223

Atomic Number 87

State at room temperature: Solid

Boiling point: 677 Degrees Celsius

Melting point : 27 Degrees Celsius

Francium (Fr)
Atomic Radius: unknown

Ionic Radius: unknown

Electronegativity: 0.7
Francium (Fr)
Ionization Energy:393 kJ/mol

Electron Affinity: -44 kJ/mol (theoretical)

Uses: No Uses
Francium (Fr)
Discovered by Marguerite Perey

1939

Named after France

Found in the decay of actinium

So unstable and short lasting that there is no reason for there to be

tested health effects