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  • Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes

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    Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts, while prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and have only the cytoplasm, ribosomes, and DNA not enclosed in a nucleus. The document compares the components and characteristics of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, noting that eukaryotic cells are generally larger, multicellular, and have complex internal structures, while prokaryotic cells are smaller, unicellular, and lack internal membrane-bound structures.

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    Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts, while prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and have only the cytoplasm, ribosomes, and DNA not enclosed in a nucleus. The document compares the components and characteristics of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, noting that eukaryotic cells are generally larger, multicellular, and have complex internal structures, while prokaryotic cells are smaller, unicellular, and lack internal membrane-bound structures.

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    39 views7 pages

    Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes

    Uploaded by

    hamna
    Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts, while prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and have only the cytoplasm, ribosomes, and DNA not enclosed in a nucleus. The document compares the components and characteristics of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, noting that eukaryotic cells are generally larger, multicellular, and have complex internal structures, while prokaryotic cells are smaller, unicellular, and lack internal membrane-bound structures.

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    of 7

    Eukaryotic and

    Prokaryotic Cells

    Prokaryote = without a nucleus


    Eukaryote = with a nucleus
    Eukaryotic cells

    Diagram
    Components
    Cytoplasm
    Nucleus
    Mitochondria
    Chloroplast
    Ribosomes
    RER
    SER
    Golgi body
    Vacuoles
    Components cont.
    Lysosomes
    Cytoskeleton
    Centriole
    Cilium and Flagellum
    Microvilli
    Cell membrane
    Cell Wall
    Prokaryotic cells
    Diagram
    Components
    Cytoplasm
    Ribosomes
    Nuclear Zone
    DNA
    Plasmid
    Cell Membrane
    Mesosome
    Cell Wall
    Capsule (or slime layer)
    Flagellum
    Summary of differences!
    Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic cells

    small cells (< 5 mm) larger cells (> 10 mm)


    always unicellular often multicellular
    no nucleus or any membrane- always have nucleus and other
    bound organelles membrane-bound organelles
    DNA is circular, without proteins DNA is linear and associated with
    proteins to form chromatin
    ribosomes are small (70S) ribosomes are large (80S)

    no cytoskeleton always has a cytoskeleton

    cell division is by binary fission cell division is by mitosis or


    meiosis
    reproduction is always asexual reproduction is asexual or sexual

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