Disorders of the Eye

Human Body Systems 2014 Project Lead The Way, Inc.

 Disorders of the Eye

COLORBLINDNESS MYOPIA

Hyperopia
RETINITIS
PIGMENTOSA
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COLORBLINDNESS
Colorblindness is majorly a
hereditary disease on the X
chromosome. Males get this
disease more often that women.
Sometimes color blindness can
be caused by physical or
chemical damage to the eye, the
optic nerve, or parts of the brain
that process color information.
There are three main kinds of
colorblindness: blue, green, and
red light. Red-green color
blindness is the most common,
followed by blue-yellow color
blindness. A complete absence
of color vision, total color
blindness is rare.
MYOPIA
Myopia, also known as
nearsightedness. If you have
perfect vision, the rays focus
directly on the surface of the
retina. in a myopic eye, the
eyeball is usually too long from
front to back. This causes light
rays to focus on a point in front
of the retina, rather than directly
on its surface. This makes
distant objects blurry. Myopia
can be caused by a too curved
cornea, an too long eye, a too
thick lens, or a combination of
them all.
HYPEROPIA
Hyperopia, also known as
farsightedness, is a common
type of refractive error where
distant objects may be seen
more clearly than objects that
are near. Hyperopia develops in
eyes that focus images behind
the retina instead of on the
retina, which can result in
blurred vision. This occurs when
the eyeball is too short, which
prevents incoming light from
focusing directly on the retina. It
may also be caused by an
abnormal shape of the cornea or
lens. People whose parents
have hyperopia may also be
more likely to get the condition.
RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA
Retinitis pigmentosa is a rare,
inherited disease in which the
light-sensitive retina of the eye
slowly and progressively
degenerates. Eventually,
blindness results. The first signs
of retinitis pigmentosa usually
occur in early childhood, when
both eyes typically are affected.
Night vision can be poor, and the
field of vision may begin to
narrow. When it first starts to
appear, the light-sensing cells
that are responsible for vision in
dim light (rods) gradually
deteriorate and seeing at night
becomes more difficult.
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