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BIO 205 Chapter 13 Powerpoint
BIO 205 Chapter 13 Powerpoint
Chapter 13
Viruses
What are Viruses?
•They lack the machinery for generating energy and large molecules
•The viral genome contains either DNA or RNA, but not both
•Some capsid proteins are spikes that help the virus attach to and
penetrate the host cell
– Naked viruses are
composed only of a
nucleocapsid
– Viruses surrounded by an
envelope are enveloped
viruses
– A virion is a completely
assembled, infectious
virus outside its host cell
Size Relationships Among
Viruses AreMicroorganisms
Very Small and Viruses
Viruses Are Grouped by Their Shape
Animal viruses attach to host plasma membrane via spikes on the capsid
or envelope
•Since receptor sites vary from person to person,
some people are more susceptible to a certain
virus than others
HIV
The provirus encodes a repressor protein that
prevents activation of the viral genes necessary
for replication
It is in a state of latency
•A benign tumor
Tumor cells can break free from the capsule and
spread to other tissues of the body (metastasis)
•A malignant tumor
•Viruses Are Responsible for up
to 20 Percent of human Tumors.
Symptoms include:
•dementia
•weakened muscles
•loss of balance