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Antimicrobial Therapy
Antimicrobial Therapy
ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY
INDRATI
Antimicrobial drugs are effective in
treatment of infections
Source of infection are : bacteria, fungi, virus
Antibiotic is a substance to inhibit or kill
bacterial
Antisepsis is the use of chemicals to destroy
most pathogenic organism on animate
surface -- antiseptics
Disinfection is the application of chemicals
to destroy most pathogenic organism on
inanimate surfaces disinfectants
Antifungal is a substance to inhibit fungal
Antivirus is a substance to inhibit viral
Mechanisms of action antibiotic :
1. Inhibition of cell wall synthesis :
penicillin, cephalosporin,
vancomycin
2. Alteration of cell membranes
integrity : amphotericin B, azoles,
nystatin
3. Inhibition of ribosomal protein
synthesis : clindamycin, macrolides,
tetracyclines
4. Suppression of DNA : metronidazole
5. Inhibition of folic acid synthesis :
Antibiotic drugs are classified as either
bacteriostatic or bactericidal.
Bacteriostatic arrest the growth and
replication. Bactericidal kill bacteria
Antibiotic drugs spectra :
- Narrow spectrum : acting only on a
single/limited group of
microorganism
- Broad spectrum : affect a wide
variety of microbial
Clinical indication of AB combination
- Mixed infection
- Synergism effect
- Risk of developing resistent
organisms
- Increase antimirobial coverage
- Infection of unknown origin
Some clinical situation for prophylactic AB
- pre-dental extraction who have implanted
prosthetic devices
- Pre-operative treatment (e.g bowel
- Protect fetus in HIV infection pregnant woman