Digital Field Data Capture at the 1

Geological Survey of Finland

Vesa Nyknen
Bedrock and Mineral Resources, Rovaniemi
Finland

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
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Geological Survey of Finland
National geoscience expert agency
Ministry of Trade and Industry
Personnel approx. 780
Annual expenditure 44 M,
income 8 M
Offices: Espoo, Kuopio and
Rovaniemi
Programmes
Bedrock and raw materials
Land use and environment
Geological Survey of Finland
www.gsf.fi
 BEDROCK AND MINERAL RESOURCES
QUATERNARY DEPOSITS AND
ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH

UNIT
ESPOO
MINERALOGICAL LABORATORY
GIS SERVICES

BEDROCK AND MINERAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT GROUP

LAND USE AND ENVIRONMENT
IT AND INFORMATION SERVICES

UNIT
ADMINISTRATION KUOPIO

BEDROCK AND MINERAL RESOURCES

PROJECTS
LAND USE AND ENVIRONMENT
IT AND INFORMATION SERVICES
UNIT

ADMINISTRATION
ROVANIEMI
BOARD

GEOLABORATORY
AND INDUSTRY

TECHNICAL SERVICES
MINISTRY OF TRADE

DIRECTOR GENERAL

GEOPHYSICAL SERVICES
CENTRE
GEOSERVICE

IT SERVICES
INFORMATION SERVICES
APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT
INFORMATION

MANAGEMENT

www.gsf.fi

PLANNING
GTK Organization 1.1.2002

ACCOUNTING
PERSONNEL
TRATION

Geological Survey of Finland

DIRECTORS STAFF

FINANCE
3

RESOURCES AND ADMINIS-

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GIS Applications
For Map Production, Data Analyses and Map Data
Management

Mostly used GIS software in GTK

ArcView 3.2 main desktop-GIS software
ArcInfo 8.0 main GIS software used in GTK
->ArcGIS 8
Ermapper for raster data (mainly for geochemical)
MapInfo other desktop-GIS software
Oasis (GeoSoft) for geophysical data
Database software
Oracle, ArcSDE
Geological Survey of Finland
www.gsf.fi
 5
Map Production
Ongoing Geological Mapping Programmes
Bedrock Maps 1: 100 000
Maps of Quaternary Deposits 1 : 20 000

Thematic Map Production 1999-2001 (some

examples)
Haavisto-Hyvrinen et all. 2001. Nuuksio lake upland: geological outdoor map and
guidebook 1 : 25 000
Puustinen et all. 2000. Metallic mineral deposits map of Finland 1:1 000 000
Arkimaa et all. 2000. Proterozoic black shale formations and aeromagnetic
anomalies in Finland, 1 : 1 000 000
Johansson et all. 2000. Ivalojoki - Saariselk 1 : 50 000 = Geological outdoor map
1 : 50 000
Ekdahl, E. (ed.) & Philippov, N. (ed.) 1999. Raahe-Ladoga Zone structure-lithology,
metamorphism and metallogeny : a Finnish-Russian cooperation project 1996-1999.
Map 3: Metallogeny of the Raahe-Ladoga Zone 1:1 000 000
Map 2: Metamorphism of the Raahe-Ladoga Zone 1:1 000 000
Map 1: Structural-lithology of the Raahe-Ladoga Zone 1:1 000 000
Geological Survey of Finland
www.gsf.fi
 Bedrock maps scale 1 : 100 000 6

1 : 100 000 bedrock

mapping started 1946
First numerical maps 1990
200 map sheets ready and
most of them are now
available also in numerical
form
Mapping 2000 1617 km2

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
 Maps of Quaternary Deposits 7

The mapping of Quaternary

deposits on the scale
1:20 000/1:50 000 started on 80s
900 km2 mapped year 2000
Year 2000 183 new map sheets has
been digitized

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
 GTKs projects involved in GIS 8

database development
Quality standards project
1999 2002 / 15
workgroups

GTK
GIS-
databases
Geotietoydin Digital data
project ~SIGMA project
2000 / 12 e/y
2000 2003 / 13 e/y
2001 2002 / 40 e/y
Geological Survey of Finland
www.gsf.fi
 9
Geotietoydin-project
A GIS-based data management system will be
carried out for all geological field and map data
with ArcGIS 8.1 in 2000 - 2003

The system is based on Oracle 8i (9i) database,

where both locational and attribute information will
be saved as nation-wide themes through ArcSDE
gateway

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
 10
Geotietoydin-project
Contents of geological feature and attribute
databases will be reorganized according to the
work of object model-project reports (1998 1999)

Requirements set by GTKs quality-project to data

collection and management will be taken into
consideration

All existing data will be imported to Geodatabases

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
 11
Why use digital field data capture?
data validation while collected

better control of field work

reduces data transcription errors

control of the quality of positioning

speed of data collection

faster field data distribution

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
 12
Geological Data and Products
Geological
features modeling
project
Field new
data GEOTIETOYDIN Numerical
observations,
products
mapping
Numerical
observation
Quality standards, databases
handbooks and Thematic maps
appendices Numerical
map databases
1:20 000
old
1:100 000
Digital data data Maps, reports
1:250 000
project 1:1000 000

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
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Tested software for field data

capture

ArcPad (www.esri.com)

FieldWorker (www.fieldworker.com)

MapLT (www.gisnetsf.com)

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
 ArcPad 14

ArcInfo

ArcEditor
Clients

ArcPad

ArcView
Web
Java Applet, Servlet

Shape

ArcIMS
Services

CheckOut /
CheckIn
MS Access
ArcSDE (Personal
GeoDatabase)

Geotietoydin Oracle 8i
(GeoDatabase) Geological Survey of Finland
www.gsf.fi
 15
ArcPad data model

Main data storage is based on Oracle 8i (9i) database,

where both locational and attribute information are
saved as nation-wide themes through ArcSDE gateway

Geodatabase data model is used in Oracle

Geodatabase feature classes are directly converted to

shapefiles for Pocket PC/ArcPad users

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
 16
ArcPad data model

Geodatabase classes (joined with relationships in

Geodatabase) are converted to dbase-files (.dbf) and the
one-to-many relations must be programmed in ArcPad
(there is no join-property)

Value domains in Geodatabase are converted to .dbf-

files and they can be directly linked to specified
attribute in ArcPad 6 Application Builder

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
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ArcPad data model

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
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ArcPad application development
User interfaces are designed with ArcPad 6 Application
Builder which is installed on Windows NT or Windows
2000
Application Builder has some restrictions:
text editor is too simple
application doesnt always work when editing xml-
files with other text editor
path-definitions must be changed when transferring
applications to Pocket PC device
Pocket PC emulator is missing from development
environment
Geological Survey of Finland
www.gsf.fi
 19
ArcPad application development
Programming is done mainly with XML and VBScript

If needed, components will be programmed with

embedded Visual Basic (VBCE)

Applications are transferred with ActiveSync to

PocketPC device

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
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Inserting ArcPad-data to
Geodatabase
Unique ObjectID is used in Geodatabase to link
spatial feature to its attributes in class-tables (one-
to-many relationships)

This fact is taken into consideration when

transferring data from ArcPad to Geodatabase: one
feature and its related attributes are transferred at
the same time to give them the same Unique
ObjectID

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
 MapLT 21

a light mapping application that runs in mobile

devices like PDA's and mobile phones (for example
Compaq iPAQ and Nokia Communicator 9210)

MapLT is written in Java and can be installed into

EPOC and Windows CE devices -> platform
independent

User-friendly API is available for software

developers, so you can even create your own
mapping client!

relatively low price, but requires a lot of coding

Geological Survey of Finland
www.gsf.fi
 22
FieldWorker
Excellent Electronic Forms
Maps
GPS Receivers
Digital Photos

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
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Base requirements for the hardware

rugged
long lasting batteries
data saved automatically if battery runs out
connection to main database
map interphase
reasonable price
-> 1500 3000 /unit

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
 24
GPS-receivers

handheld-GPS
(200-300 )

PCMCIA -card
or CF card
(170-900 )

GIS-GPS
(4000 )

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
 25

Field computers

operating systems: WinCe (or PocketPC) or

Win97/98/2000
map interphase defines the size of the display
rugged computers rare in the markets (but are
coming)
in some cases ordinary laptop can be used
(vehicles)

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
 26
Rugged computers

Husky Fex21
WinCe

Husky FC-PX5
Win95/98

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
 27
Rugged computers

Fujitsu PenCentra

Hitachi HPW-630ETR

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
 28
Rugged computers

TimbaTec Ce

TimbaTec Pocket

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi
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Conclusions
GTK is still at the testing stage -> decision on
which software to be used needs to be done soon
ArcPad is a strong candidate (but an expensive
one)
FieldWorker does not support raster maps, but
gives good forms
MapLT would be platform independent and
relatively cheap, but requires a lot of programming
hardware is developing fast -> it has been worth
waiting for the improvements

Geological Survey of Finland

www.gsf.fi