?

Italian
 ORIGIN
- 18th century, uncertain origin,

- possibility of a Scandinavian origin,

- Sling > to throw > slang is a thrown language

> a quick, honest way to make your point.
 Slang versus slangs

Grass is slang for marijuana

Slang words, slang terms.

Different types, varieties of slang

The word slangs sounds awful to native speakers and we would

never use it. I'm pretty sure it's not a word.
 Semasiology
SLANG What does X mean?

1. A type of language consisting of words and phrases that are regarded as very informal, are
more common in speech than writing, and are typically restricted to a particular context or
group of people. (Oxford Dictionary)

2. Very informal language that is usually spoken rather than written, used especially by
particular groups of people. (Cambridge Dictionary)

3.1. Language peculiar to a particular group,

3.2. An informal nonstandard vocabulary composed typically of coinages, arbitrarily changed
words, and extravagant, forced, or facetious figures of speech,
3.3. Words that are not considered part of the standard vocabulary of a language and that are
used very informally in speech especially by a particular group of people, (English Lang.
Learners),
3.4. Very informal words used by a group of people. (Kids) (Merriam-Webster Dictionary)

4. The only reason Urbandictionary.com exists. (Urban Dictionary)

 Onomasiology
What is X called, how do you express X ?

argot
dialect S
Y
jargon N
DEFINITION O
N
jive Y
patois
M
S
lingo
 Examples of Italian slang
Poveretto (N) - Povero (poor,needy) + -etto (used to form the diminutive of nouns often with an
emotional connotation.) English : poor person

Sfortunato (N,A) -s prefix (opposite, negative) + fortunato (fortunate, lucky)

English : unsuccessful, unlucky

Soldato (N) - from soldo (penny, cent, money)

English : soldier, mercenary, button man

Fratello (N) - IE bhrater, LATIN frater

English : brother

Facciabrutt (N) - Faccia (face) + brutto (ugly, nasty)

English : ugly face
 Examples of Italian slang part 2

Schifosa (N) - Schifoso (disgusting, gross) + -a suffix (masculine noun)

Consigliere (N) - from Latin consilirius, consilium - advice

English : counselor, advisor

Pezzonovante (N) - Pezzo (in slang meant gun) + novante ( 90mm caliber)

someone very important, influencial and/or powerful.

English : bigwig, big shot, big fish,

bighead, big wheel
Non-branching hierarchy

Mafia family structure

Boss
Consigliere
Underboss

Caporegime

Soldier

Associate
 Sources

Online Etymology Dictionary

Mafia Speak
Godfather Vocabulary - Godfather vocab.pdf
http://www.wordreference.com/enit/
http://the-mafia.weebly.com/structure-of-the-
mafia.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/
The End