SILICON IN PHOTONICS

A technical Seminar presentation 2009

on
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

SILICON IN PHOTONICS
Under the Guidance of
S.K.MISHRA

Presented by
ANUJ SRIVASTAVA
SEEMANTA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
RegNo: 0601201232
RollNo: 10-A-64
 CONTENTS
SILICON IN PHOTONICS
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

• Introduction
• Features of Photonics
• Silicon Material
• Silicon Light Source
• Filtering Light
• Silicon Modulator
• Silicon based photo detector
• Disadvantage
• Conclusion
• Reference

Presented by: ANUJ SRIVASTAVA

SILICON IN PHOTONICS Introduction
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

• Silicon photonics is an evolving technology in

which data is transferred among computer chips
by optical rays. Optical rays can carry far more
data in less time than electrical conductors. Its
overarching goal is to develop high volume, bolt-
and-go optical components using silicon. While
silicon is opaque in the visible spectrum, it is
transparent at the infrared wavelengths used in
optical transmission, hence it can guide light.

Presented by: ANUJ SRIVASTAVA

 Features
SILICON IN PHOTONICS
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
of - Photonics

• phase insensitive.
• frequency conversion → WDM meets perfectly
the requirements of ultra fast all data optical
data.
• processing and regeneration.
• alternative or supplement to semiconductor-
based photonics.

Presented by: ANUJ SRIVASTAVA

SILICON IN PHOTONICS Silicon Material
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

• Amorphous silicon

• Porous silicon

• Black silicon

Presented by: ANUJ SRIVASTAVA

Light propagation through silicon crystal

Presented by: ANUJ SRIVASTAVA

SILICON IN PHOTONICS Silicon Light Source
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

The work towards a silicon-based emitter is

ongoing but still far from nature. Until an
efficient, reliable silicon based light source is
available, a photonic integrated system will need
to use a conventional III-V material light emitter.

Presented by: ANUJ SRIVASTAVA

SILICON IN PHOTONICS Filtering Light
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

To cause the laser to generate only one specific wavelength,

the light can be filtered by a grating, which reflects a specific
set of wavelengths in a different direction. The specific
wavelengths needed for communication can be individually
selected and directed toward other photonic components.
Presented by: ANUJ SRIVASTAVA
SILICON IN PHOTONICS Silicon Modulator
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Schematic of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer

modulator with two phase shifter sections .

Presented by: ANUJ SRIVASTAVA

SILICON IN PHOTONICS Silicon Based Photo Detector
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Si1-x Gex waveguide-based photodetector on a SOI wafer.

The waveguide is formed by the ridge of p-Si material and is
running perpendicular to the cross-section. The SiGe MQW
are inside the region labeled SiGe.

Presented by: ANUJ SRIVASTAVA

SILICON IN PHOTONICS Disadvantage
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

• Production is not efficient but cost is efficient.

• Wave guides and fibers are harder to use than wire.

• The components are more expansive.

Presented by: ANUJ SRIVASTAVA

SILICON IN PHOTONICS Conclusion
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

From the above report it can be concern that

Silicon modulators operating at 2.5 GHz have
demonstrated two orders of magnitude
improvement over other known Si-based
modulators, with theoretical modeling indicating
performance capacities beyond 10 GHz.

Presented by: ANUJ SRIVASTAVA

SILICON IN PHOTONICS Reference
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

• www.research.ibm/photonics
• www.portal.acm.org
• www.rpphotonics.com/silicon_photonics.html
• www.technologyreview.com
• www.uksiliconphotonics.co.uk
• www.siliconphotonics.eu
• Professor-lorenzo pavesi
• Torento university
• Professor-david j.lockwood
• Institute for microstructural sciences
• National research council canada
• B.jalai,M.paniccia and G.reed,IEE Microwave Magazine (June-
2006)

Presented by: ANUJ SRIVASTAVA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
SILICON IN PHOTONICS

Thank
You !!!