CMGD

Centre des Matriaux

FIRE BEHAVIOR OF ETHYLENE VINYL

ACETATE/KAOLINITE COMPOSITES
MARCOS BATISTELLA*A, BELKACEM OTAZAGHINEA, RODOLPHE
SONNIERA, JOS-MARIE LOPEZ-CUESTAA, CARLOS PETTERB
*
marcos.batistella@mines-ales.fr
A
Ecole des Mines dAles France
B
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil

1
 Introduction
L

o Kaolinite L 50 nm - 5 m
h 30 - 100 nm

001
h

Al2Si2O5(OH)4

o Kaolinite composites
o Mechanical properties & Surface modification
Buggy, M., et al. (2005). Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing,
36(4), 437442.
Itagaki, T., Matsumuraet al. (2001). Journal of Materials Science Letters, 20(16),
14831484.
Gardolinski, et al. (2000). Journal of Materials Science, 35(12), 31133119.
INTRODUCTION MATERIALS & METHODS RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
CMGD 2
Centre des Matriaux
 Introduction

o Fire behavior
o Use of mineral fillers as fire retardants
o Aluminium hydroxide or Aluminium TriHydrate
2 Al(OH)3 Al2O3 + 3 H2O needs 1051 J/g Al(OH)3
o Clays

o Few studies of kaolinite as filler

Wang, L., et al. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 95(4), 572578.

INTRODUCTION MATERIALS & METHODS RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS

CMGD 3
Centre des Matriaux
 Materials

o EVA Density 0,951 g/cm3

Vinyl acetate
28 %
content

o Kaolinite
Mean Diameter Specific
(m) surface(m2*g-1)

o ATH ATH
Kaolinite
12,1
0,8
2
12,2

INTRODUCTION MATERIALS & METHODS RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS

CMGD 4
Centre des Matriaux
 Materials

Formulation EVA ATH Kaolinite

EVA 100 0 0
A20 80 20 0
A35 65 35 0
A50 50 50 0
A60 40 60 0
K20 80 0 20
K35 65 0 35
K50 50 0 50
K60 40 0 60

INTRODUCTION MATERIALS & METHODS RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS

CMGD 5
Centre des Matriaux
 Methods
o Extrusion/Injection molding
o 140 160C

o Cone Calorimeter
o Irradiance: 50kW/m2
o HRR
o TTI

o Epiradiateur

o Micro Scale Calorimeter (PCFC)

o Rheology
o Dynamical mode at 160 C (ARES Rheometrics)
o Parallel Plates

INTRODUCTION MATERIALS & METHODS RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS

CMGD 6
Centre des Matriaux
 Cone Calorimeter

Irr: 50kW*m-2
INTRODUCTION MATERIALS & METHODS RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
CMGD 7
Centre des Matriaux
 Cone Calorimeter

o Decrease in pHRR
o Increase in TTI

INTRODUCTION MATERIALS & METHODS RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS

CMGD 8
Centre des Matriaux
INTRODUCTION MATERIALS & METHODS RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
CMGD 9
Centre des Matriaux
INTRODUCTION MATERIALS & METHODS RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
CMGD 10
Centre des Matriaux
 Rheology

tan d = E/E

INTRODUCTION MATERIALS & METHODS RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS

CMGD 11
Centre des Matriaux
 PCFC

Comparison PCFC Cone:

R. Sonnier et al., Polymers for Advanced Technologies, vol. 22, pp.

1091-1099.
INTRODUCTION MATERIALS & METHODS RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
CMGD 12
Centre des Matriaux
 Thermo-Oxidation

INTRODUCTION MATERIALS & METHODS RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS

CMGD 13
Centre des Matriaux
 Thermo-Oxidation

INTRODUCTION MATERIALS & METHODS RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS

CMGD 14
Centre des Matriaux
 Conclusions
o The incorporation of kaolinite in the EVA has serious
advantages over formulations EVA + ATH:
o Improved fire behavior by the formation of a protective layer
o Reduction in pHRR
o Improved TTI

o Changes in rheological behavior

o Tan d x pHRR

o Catalytic effect on deacetylation

INTRODUCTION MATERIALS & METHODS RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS

CMGD 15
Centre des Matriaux
Thank you for your attention!

CMGD 16
Centre des Matriaux
 PCFC
Small amounts (1-4mg)

Coupling between condensed and gas phase

Complete combustion

Scrubbers Flow- Analy Gas release

meter zer
O2
O2
Combustor
D HHR (W/g)
A
Pyrolysys N2 Q pHRR
Pyrolyzer
chamber HRC
Solid Sample

R. Sonnier, et al. Predicting the flammability parameters of a

polymer: Application to some phosphonate groups.

CMGD 17
Centre des Matriaux
 Cone Calorimeter
TTI (s)
pHRR (KW/m2)

CMGD 18
Centre des Matriaux