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Pumps & Pumping Systems: Training Session On Energy Equipment
Pumps & Pumping Systems: Training Session On Energy Equipment
Equipment
1
UNEP 2006
Training Agenda: Pumps
Introduction
Type of pumps
Assessment of pumps
Energy efficiency opportunities
2
UNEP 2006
Introduction
Transfer liquid
from source to
destination
Circulate liquid
around a system
(US DOE, 2001)
4
UNEP 2006
Introduction
Static head
source
6
Flow UNEP 2006
Introduction
Flow 8
UNEP 2006
Introduction
System
System
curve
Friction curve
head
System System
head head Friction
Static head head
Static head
Flow Flow
9
UNEP 2006
Introduction
Introduction
Type of pumps
Assessment of pumps
Energy efficiency opportunities
13
UNEP 2006
Type of Pumps
Pump Classification
Classified by operating principle
Pumps
If pipe blocked
Pressure rises
Can damage pump
Rotary pump
Displacement by rotary action of gear, cam
or vanes
Several sub-types
Used for special services in industry 16
UNEP 2006
Type of Pumps
Dynamic pumps
Mode of operation
Rotating impeller converts kinetic energy
into pressure or velocity to pump the fluid
Two types
Centrifugal pumps: pumping water in
industry 75% of pumps installed
Special effect pumps: specialized conditions
17
UNEP 2006
Type of Pumps
Centrifugal Pumps
How do they work?
Liquid forced into
impeller
Vanes pass kinetic
energy to liquid: liquid
rotates and leaves
impeller
Volute casing converts
kinetic energy into
pressure energy
(Sahdev M) 18
UNEP 2006
Type of Pumps
Centrifugal Pumps
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(Sahdev)
UNEP 2006
Type of Pumps
Centrifugal Pumps
Sahdev)
Impeller
Main rotating part that provides centrifugal
acceleration to the fluid
Number of impellers = number of pump stages
Impeller classification: direction of flow, suction type
and shape/mechanical construction
Shaft
Transfers torque from motor to impeller during pump
start up and operation
20
UNEP 2006
Type of Pumps
Centrifugal Pumps
Casings
Functions Volute Casing (Sahdev)
Enclose impeller as pressure vessel
Support and bearing for shaft and impeller
Volute case
Impellers inside casings
Balances hydraulic pressure on pump shaft
Circular casing
Vanes surrounds impeller
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Used for multi-stage pumps UNEP 2006
Training Agenda: Pumps
Introduction
Type of pumps
Assessment of pumps
Energy efficiency opportunities
22
UNEP 2006
Assessment of pumps
Introduction
Type of pumps
Assessment of pumps
Energy efficiency opportunities
25
UNEP 2006
Energy Efficiency Opportunities
BEE India,
2004
27
UNEP 2006
Energy Efficiency Opportunities
Head increases:
does not reduce
power use
Vibration and
corrosion: high
maintenance
costs and reduced
pump lifetime
33
(BPMA)
UNEP 2006
Energy Efficiency Opportunities
34
UNEP 2006
Energy Efficiency Opportunities
7. Impeller Trimming
Changing diameter: change in
velocity
Considerations
Cannot be used with varying flows
No trimming >25% of impeller size
Impeller trimming same on all sides
Changing impeller is better option but more
expensive and not always possible
36
UNEP 2006
Energy Efficiency Opportunities
7. Impeller Trimming
Impeller trimming and centrifugal pump performance
(BEE India,
2004)
37
UNEP 2006
Energy Efficiency Opportunities
39
UNEP 2006
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