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    Karsinoma Kolorektal

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    Radita Haura Fathinputri
    The document discusses karsinoma kolorektal or colorectal cancer. It defines colorectal cancer as cancer that occurs in the colon and rectum, and notes it is the most common gastrointestinal cancer. Risk factors include age over 50, genetics like FAP and HNPCC, lifestyle factors like diet and exercise, and conditions like inflammatory bowel disease. Staging uses the TNM system to classify how far the cancer has spread. Diagnosis involves medical history, physical exam, imaging and endoscopy. Treatment depends on staging and can include surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. Prognosis varies based on stage, from 70-95% 5-year survival for stage I to 0-16% for stage IV

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    Karsinoma Kolorektal

    Uploaded by

    Radita Haura Fathinputri
    37 views15 pages
    The document discusses karsinoma kolorektal or colorectal cancer. It defines colorectal cancer as cancer that occurs in the colon and rectum, and notes it is the most common gastrointestinal cancer. Risk factors include age over 50, genetics like FAP and HNPCC, lifestyle factors like diet and exercise, and conditions like inflammatory bowel disease. Staging uses the TNM system to classify how far the cancer has spread. Diagnosis involves medical history, physical exam, imaging and endoscopy. Treatment depends on staging and can include surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. Prognosis varies based on stage, from 70-95% 5-year survival for stage I to 0-16% for stage IV

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    Sedikit ulasan mengenai Karsinoma Kolorektal

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    The document discusses karsinoma kolorektal or colorectal cancer. It defines colorectal cancer as cancer that occurs in the colon and rectum, and notes it is the most common gastrointestinal cancer. Risk factors include age over 50, genetics like FAP and HNPCC, lifestyle factors like diet and exercise, and conditions like inflammatory bowel disease. Staging uses the TNM system to classify how far the cancer has spread. Diagnosis involves medical history, physical exam, imaging and endoscopy. Treatment depends on staging and can include surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. Prognosis varies based on stage, from 70-95% 5-year survival for stage I to 0-16% for stage IV

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    37 views15 pages

    Karsinoma Kolorektal

    Uploaded by

    Radita Haura Fathinputri
    The document discusses karsinoma kolorektal or colorectal cancer. It defines colorectal cancer as cancer that occurs in the colon and rectum, and notes it is the most common gastrointestinal cancer. Risk factors include age over 50, genetics like FAP and HNPCC, lifestyle factors like diet and exercise, and conditions like inflammatory bowel disease. Staging uses the TNM system to classify how far the cancer has spread. Diagnosis involves medical history, physical exam, imaging and endoscopy. Treatment depends on staging and can include surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. Prognosis varies based on stage, from 70-95% 5-year survival for stage I to 0-16% for stage IV

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    of 15

    Karsinoma

    Kolorektal
    Nekhar Begum Azam
    Radita Haura Fathinputri

    Perseptor:- Dr. Reno Rudiman, dr., M.Sc, Sp.B-KBD


    Definisi
    Karsinoma kolorektal adalah keganasan pada kolon dan
    rektal. Karsinoma ini merupakan keganasan saluran
    pencernaan terbanyak. Jenis keganasan yang sering terjadi
    adalah adenokarsinoma. Lokasi tersering di rektum,
    sigmoid, kolon asenden dan kolon decenden.
    Epidemiologi dan Risk Factor
    Usia: 50 thn
    Kelamin: karsinoma rektus (laki-laki), karsinoma kolon (perempuan)
    Genetik: 20%. Inherited factors: Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
    (FAP), Hereditary Non Polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC)
    Lingkungan dan makanan: konsumsi tinggi lemak hewan dan
    rendah serat, obesitas, gaya hidup sedentari
    Riwayat kolitis: penkolitis ulseratif, penyakit Crohn
    Faktor risiko lain: merokok, akromegali, alkohol
    Klasifikasi
    American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC)TNMsystem
    The TNM system is based on 3 key pieces of information:
    a. How far the main (primary)tumor(T) has grown into the wall of the
    intestine and whether it has grown into nearby areas.
    b. If the cancer has spread to nearby (regional) lymphnodes(N). Lymph nodes
    are small bean-shaped collections of immune system cells to which cancers
    often spread first.
    c. If the cancer has spread (metastasized) to other organs of the body (M).
    Colorectal cancer can spread almost anywhere in the body, but the most
    common sites of spread are the liver and lungs.
    Klasifikasi
    Diagnosis
    Anamnesis
    Perubahan pola buang air besar
    Pendarahan peranus (Hematokezia)
    Konstipasi
    berat badan menurun
    Buang air besar kecil kecil seperti tai kambing
    Anemia (pucat, lemas)
    Tanda komplikasi: (obstruksi)
    Mual muntah
    distensi
    obstipasi
    (Tumor lebih distal terjadi hematokezia atau pendarahan dalam feces; tumor lebih proksimal disertai anemia defisiensi
    fe)
    Right Sided Tumor Left Sided Tumor
    Polypoid lesion Small, elevated, button like mass
    Colicky abdominal pain
    Fatigue
    Grow circumferentially
    Palpitation
    Constipation
    No obstruction Blood on stool
    Mahogany dark stool Apple core on radiograph
    History Taking
    Physical Exam (DRE, fecal occult blood test)
    Lab exam (tumor marker CEA, CA 19-9)
    Imaging (Xray, CT Scan, Endoscopy endorektal,
    colonoscopy)
    Tatalaksana awal
    Puasa
    Obat maag (Ranitidin)
    NGT
    Infus NaCl 0,9%
    NSAID (celecoxib) menurut buku papdi edisi 6 :
    menurunkan insiden berulangnya adenoma pada pasien
    dengan FAP (Familiar Adenomatosus Polyposis)
    Tata laksana
    Diverticulities
    Ulcerative colitis
    Chron disease
    Appendicitis
    Thrombosed hemorrhoid
    Prognosis

    Stadium Angka harapan hidup 5


    tahun
    I 70-95%

    II 54-60%

    III 39-60%

    IV 0-16%
    THANKYOU

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