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Introduction To Management Science 8th Edition by Bernard W. Taylor III
Introduction To Management Science 8th Edition by Bernard W. Taylor III
8th Edition
by
Bernard W. Taylor III
Chapter 13
Queuing Analysis
Figure 15.1
The Fast Shop Market Queuing System
Po 1
W 1 L
Average time customer spends waiting in the queue:
Wq
Probability that server is busy (utilization factor): U
2
Lq
W 1 L 1/[30 - 24]
0.167 hour (10 min) avg time in the system per customer
Wq 24/[30(30 - 24)]
0.133 hour (8 min) avg time in the waiting line
U
24/30
.80 probabilit y server busy, .20 probabilit y server will be idle
Table 15.1
Operating Characteristics for Each Alternative System
Figure 15.2
Cost Trade-Offs for Service Levels
Chapter 15 - Queuing Analysis 19
Single-Server Waiting Line System
Solution with Excel and Excel QM (1 of 2)
Exhibit 15.1
Exhibit 15.2
Exhibit 15.3
L Lq
U
Lq
21 / 21 20 / 30
Exhibit 15.4
Exhibit 15.5
1 ( / )M 1
M 1
L / ( M 1)( / ) Lq L (1PM )
1 / 1 ( / )M 1
W L 1
Wq W
(1 PM )
Metro Quick Lube single bay service; space for one vehicle
in service and three waiting for service; mean time between
arrivals of customers is 3 minutes; mean service time is 2
minutes; both inter-arrival times and service times are
exponentially distributed; maximum number of vehicles in
the system equals 4.
Operating characteristics for = 20, = 30, M = 4:
Po 1 / 1 20 / 30 .38 probabilit y that system is empty
1 ( / )M 1 1 (20 / 30)5
nM 4
PM (Po)
(.38) 20 .076 probabilit y that system is full
30
20 30 (5)(20 / 30)5
L / 1.24 cars in the system
1 20 / 30 1 (20 / 30)5
Exhibit 15.6
Exhibit 15.7
( N n)!
L Lq (1 Po) Wq Lq 1
W Wq
( N L)
Chapter 15 - Queuing Analysis 35
Finite Calling Population Example (1 of 2)
Po 1 .652
20 20! .005
n
(20 n)!.2778
n0
Exhibit 15.8
Exhibit 15.9
Exhibit 15.10
Figure 15.3
Customer Service
Queuing System
n
Pn 1 Po for n c
c!cnc
n
Pn 1 Po for n c probabilit y of n customers in system
n
W 6
10
0.60 hour average customer time in the service department
Chapter 15 - Queuing Analysis 46
Multiple-Server Waiting Line
Biggs Department Store Example (2 of 2)
Lq 6 10
4
3.5 customers on the average waiting to be served
Wq 3.5
10
0.35 hour average waiting time in line per customer
3
Pw 1 10 3(4) (.045)
3! 4 3(4) 10
Exhibit 15.11
Exhibit 15.12
Exhibit 15.13
Figure 15.4
Single Queues with
Single and Multiple
Servers in Sequence
Solution:
Step 1: Determine Operating Characteristics for the Single-
Server System
= 4 customers per hour arrive, = 5 customers per
hour are served
Po = (1 - / ) = ( 1 4 / 5) = .20 probability of no
customers in the system
L = / ( - ) = 4 / (5 - 4) = 4 customers on average in
the queuing system
Lq = 2 / ( - ) = 42 / 5(5 - 4) = 3.2 customers on
average in the waiting line
Step 1 (continued):
W = 1 / ( - ) = 1 / (5 - 4) = 1 hour on average in the
system
Wq = / (u - ) = 4 / 5(5 - 4) = 0.80 hour (48 minutes)
average time in the waiting line
Pw = / = 4 / 5 = .80 probability the new accounts
officer is busy and a customer must wait
L ( / )c
Po
(c 1)!(c )2
0.952 average number of customers in the system
Step 2 (continued):
Lq L