ANATOMY OF

FEMALE GENITAL TRACT

 External genitalia
Internal genitalia
Accessory reproductive organs
External
genitalia
(vulva,
pudendum)
 Blood supply
Arteries
Br. of internal pudendal artery
Labial A.,
Transverse perineal A.,
A to vestibular bulb,
deep & dorsal arteries to clitoris
Br. of Femoral A
Superficial & deep external pudendal A
Veins
Internal pudendal vein
Vesical/ vaginal venous plexuses
Long saphenous vein
 Nerve supply
Ant-sup part
Ilio inguinal & genital br. of genitofemoral N (L1,L2)
Post-inf part
Pudendal br. of post.cut. N of thigh (S123)
In between
Labial & perineal br.of Pudendal N (S234)

Lymphatics
Superf. Inguinal nodes
Gland of Cloquet
Ext. & Int. Iliac nodes
Internal
genital
organs
 Vagina
Fibromuscular membranous sheath
Excretory channel
Organ of copulation
Birth canal of parturition
45 horizontal
2.5cm diameter
distensibility
 Walls
Ant : 7.5 cm
Post : 9cm
2 lateral walls
Fornices :
Ant : shallow
2 lateral
Post : deep
 Structure
mucous coat
Submucous layer of loose areolar vascular
tissues
Muscular layer
Fibrous coat (from endopelvic fascia)
:highly vascular
Vaginal secretion
Doderleins bacilli : lactic acid from
glycogen
Acidic pH (4-5)
 Blood Supply
Arteries
Cervicovaginal br. Of uterine A
Vaginal A
Middle rectal A
Internal pudendal
Anastomose---form 2 azygos arteries
Veins drain into:
Internal iliac V
Internal pudendal V

Lymphatics drain into

Upper 1/3rd : internal iliac nodes
Middle 1/3rd: external iliac nodes
Lower 1/3rd (below hymen) : superficial inguinal gp.

Nerve supply
Parasympathetic : S234
Sympathetic: hypogastric plexus
Lower end : pudendal N (sensory )
 Uterus
Hollow, pyriform muscular organ in pelvis
Position: anteversion & anteflexion
uterus dextrorotated
cervix levorotated
Measurements
7.5cm long
5cm wide
3cm thick
Weight : 50-80gm
Parts of uterus
 Structure
Perimetrium : serous coat
Myometrium: thick bundles of sm. M
During pregnancy:
Outer long.
Middle interlacing
Inner circular
Endometrium
Surface epithelium
Lamina propria
Stromal cells
Endometrial glands
Vessels & nerves
Decidua in pregnancy
Secretion: scanty & watery
 Relation
Anterior
Above int.os : uterovesical pouch
Below int.os: separated from UB by loose areolar tissue
Posterior
Pouch of Douglas with coils on intestine
Lateral
Broad ligament
Mackenrodts ligament
Uterine A & ureter
 Ligaments of uterus
Uterosacral ligament
Transverse cervical/ Mackenrodts lig
Pubovesicocervical lig
Round ligament
Broad ligament
Mesovarium
Mesosalpinx
mesometrium
Suspensory lig of ovary/ infundibulopelvic ligament
 Blood supply
Arteries:
Uterine A
Ovarian & Vaginal As.
Veins drain into
Internal iliac veins
Lymphatics
Nerves
Sympathetic
Motor : T5 & T6
Sensory : T10 L1
Parasympathetic
Pelvic N ( S2,3,4) : both motor &
sensory : ends in ganglia of
Frankenhauser
Fallopian tube
(uterine tube, oviduct)

10-14 cm
Lies within the superior
border of broad ligament
2 openings
Medially into cornua
Laterally into abdominal cavity
Parts of fallopian tube
Intramural/ interstitial
Serous coat Structure : -3
layers
 Blood Supply
Arteries
Uterine A
Ovarian A
Veins
Through pampiniforn plexus into ovarian veins
Lymphatics
Para-aortic nodes
Nerve supply
Uterine & ovarian nerves
 The Ovary
Paired, situated on either side of uterus
Close to lateral pelvic wall
In ovarian fossa of Waldeyer
Size: 4*3*2 cm
Only intra-abdominal structure not covered by
peritoneum
Medial pole: attached to uterine cornua by ovarian
ligament
Laterally to the pelvic wall by infundibulopelvic ligament
Fimbrial end of oviduct close to ovary & attached to it
via fimbria ovarica
 Structure : 2 parts

Cortex
 Blood Supply
Arterial : Ovarian A
Veins :
Through pampiniform plexus ovarian V.
Lt. Renal Vein IVC
Lymphatics
Para-aortic nodes
Nerve supply
Sympathetic supply from T10 along ovarian A.
Thank You...!!