CHAPTER V

STRUGGLE FOR
RIGHT AND
FREEDOM
 1. Revolt of Lakandula and Sulayman
(1574)
Cause: Lavezari's Reversal of Legazpi's Policy

After the death of Legazpi on August 20, 1572. Governor Guido de

Lavezaris no longer exempted the native rules and their
descendants from paying tribute. He ordered the confiscation of
their patrimonial land properties.

Because of the new policy, Lakandula and Sulayman decided to rise

in arms. Taking advantage of Lim-Ah-Hong's attack in Manila in
1574, the two chieftains proclaimed their revolt and gathered their
warriors in Navotas.

Juan de Salcedo and Fr. Geronimo Marin were sent by Lavezaris to

persuade them not to carry out their plan. They were given an
assurance be pardoned. Governor Lavezaris did his gesture to ask
 2. First Pampanga Revolt (1585)
Cause: Abuses of Encomenderos

Disgruntled by the way the encomenderos

administered, some brave Pampangeo leaders
connived with the people of Manila and the Borneans
to rise in revolt.

According to their plan, they would secretly enter the

city of Manila one dark night and massacre the
Spaniards. A native woman who was married to a
Spanish soldier happened to learn of it and warmed
the Spanish authorities about it. The leaders were
arrested and executed without any fair trial.
 3. ThetoTondo
Attempting Conspiracy
restore freedom and local(1587-88)
leadership
being enjoyedCause:
during Regain Lost years,
pre-colonial Freedom
Agustin de
Legazpi (nephew of Lakandula) together with other
leaders like Martin Pangan (gobernadorcillo of
Tondo), Magat Salamat (son of Lakandula), Juan
Banal (another Tondo chief), Esteban Taes (chief of
Bulacan), Pedro Balinguit (chief of Pandakan),
Pitonggatan (chief of Tondo), Felipe Salon ga (chief of
Polo) and Geronimo Basi (brother of Augustin de
Legazpi) planned to overthrow the Spanish rulers in
the country.
 Through a Japanese Christian, Dionisio Fernandez,
Agustin de Legazpi, and his fellow conspirator
contacted a Japanese sea captain, Juan Gayo, to get
arms and Japanese warriors to fight the Spaniards. In
exchange, he and his Japanese warriors would be
given one-half of the secured from Borneo, Laguna and
Batangas. The conspirators with their warriors would
then assault the city of Manila and start killing the
Spaniards.

Magat Salamat innocently revealed the plan to Antonio

Surabao, a Cuyo native who was pretending to his
master, Pedro Sarmiento ( the Spanish encomendero
of Calamianes). Immediately, Captain Sarmiento
rushed to Manila and informed Governor General
 Eventually, the governor ordered the arrest of all
person implicated in the revolutionary plot, including
Dionisio Fernandez a Japanese interpreter. All the
suspect were investigated and tried in court. They were
given harsh penalties. A gusting de Legazpi and Martin
Pangan were brutally hanged. Their heads were cut off
and placed in iron cage. The government seized their
property. The sites of their homes were plowed and
sown with salt to remain barren.

Dionisio Fernandez was hanged and his property,

confiscated. Also executed were Magat Salamat,
Geronimo Basi, and Esteban Taes. The rest were given
lighter punishments-heavy fines and some years of
exile from their town. Five of the leading members of
 4. Magalat's Revolt, Cagayan (1596)
Cause: Tribute

During the rule of Governon Francisco Telo, two

brothers instigated the people of Cagayan to rise in
arms againts the colonial government because of the
latter's arbitraty levy collection. One of the brothers
was called Magalat. The uprising was suppressed by
the authorities. He and his men were kept in Manila as
exiles.
 The dominician missionarers of Cagayan persuaded
Governor Tello to pardon them, after knowing the
plight of the two brothers. The favor was subsequently
granted. After Magalat was released, he went back to
Cagayan and incited the people to continue the fight.
Manny Spaniards and loyal natives were killed by the
rebels. Governor Tello sent Captain Pedro de Chavez to
quell the revolt. Magalat, however, remained
undefeated in open battle. Later, the Spaniards
decided to hire natives assassins. Magalat was
murdered in his own house.
 5. Revolt of the Igorots (1601)
Cause:Refusal to Accept New Religion

The Spaniards were determined to convert the

Igorots to Christianity. They launched a crusade to
proselytize the highland natives of Luzon and to place
and under Spanish authorities. A strong expedition
was sent to the Igorot land to stop the natives from
resisting colonial subjugation. However, the Spaniards
were only able to again nominal political and military
control over them.
Questions:

1. Who was the

gobernadorcillo of Tondo
during 1587-1588?

2. During the Revolt of the

igorot what was the reason
why did they launched a
crusade?

3. Prepared by: BARRION POGI