History of Educational

1
Technological Technology

Types of Educational
Foundation of 2 Technology

Education 3
Benefits of
Educational
Technology
Prepared by Integration of
Mark Anthony D. Mangiduyos
4 Technology
Jolly S. Rafael in Education
Zarah G. Salvador
Jerwin Sacdal
Foundation Of Education
Dr. Pricila Santos
 History of Educational
1 Technology
 Educational Technology

Technology is
commonly thought of
in terms of gadgets,
instruments, machines
and devices most
(educators) will defer
to technology as
computers.
(Muffoletto, 1994)

TEA
The history of Educational technology
can be traced back to the time when
tribal priests systemized bodies of
knowledge, and early cultures invented
pictographs or sign writing to record
and transmit information.
(Paul Saettler, 1990)
 In ancient Greece, the Elder Sophist
used the term techne to refer the process of
applying knowledge systematically to the
practical art of instruction. They formulated
cognitive rules, systematically analyzed
subject matter designed instructional
technologies and devised effective
instructional materials.
During the Middle Age Advent of
Scholastic Philosophy, Pierre Abelard
introduced a technology of instruction
which was really a new method of
structuring and presenting materials that
helped set the style of scholastic
education.
Comenius, Pestalozzi, Froebel, Herbart and
Montessori contributed their own concept on
educational technology improving educative
process.

John Amos Comenius was recognized as the

pioneer of modern instructional technology
by reason of his book Orbis Pictus (The World
in Picture) which was illustrated textbooks for
children studying Latin & Sciences.
Edward Thorndike and John Dewey
formulated scientific theory of learning and
the scientific method, respectively. Thorndike
gave emphasis to the use of empirical
investigation as a basis for an organized
process of learning. On his part, Dewey
introduced a method of instruction in terms
scientific method in broad terms
The 19th century paved in the advent of
effective technological development including
the production of textbooks, use of
blackboards and improvements in writing
implements like pen and ink. Photography
was invented, giving a way to a movement
called Visual Instruction.
By 1920, visual media became widely
accepted. Then came the publication of audio-
visual media texts.

In 1926, educational films were used as

instructional media.

In 1927, Pressey wrote on programmed

learning through a machine which tested and
confirm a learning task.
In 1932, the first instructional television
program was aired at the State University of
Iowa. About the same time, the 16 mm sound
motion picture was developed and this
served as the educational workhorse during
the audio-visual movement of the time.
During World War II, the U.S. government
encouraged the implementation of technology
of instruction for military training programs.
This gave impetus to a system approach to
instruction to include: micro-teaching,
individualized instruction, Language
laboratories, behavioral laboratories,
behavioral objectives, computer assisted
instruction and among others
During World War II, the U.S. government
encouraged the implementation of technology
of instruction for military training programs.
This gave impetus to a system approach to
instruction to include: micro-teaching,
individualized instruction, Language
laboratories, behavioral laboratories,
behavioral objectives, computer assisted
instruction and among others
 Ancient Computing
History
The Abacus
Mechanical aid used for
counting and making
quick calculations.

Still in use
around
the world.

Find out more about the Abacus in Resources.

 Early Computing
History
Blaise Pascal
Invented the first
mechanical calculator.
The Pascaline used
cogs and gears to solve
math equations.
 Mechanical
Calculators
Joseph Jacquard
First programmable
machine.
Used punched cards (binary
instructions) to automate
weaving loom.
Punched cards were a staple
of early and modern
computer programming.
 Electronic
Computer Systems

First Generation:1943-1956
Used vacuum tubes in
electronic circuits.
Used punch cards to input
and externally store data.
Up to 4K of memory.
Programming in machine
language and assembly
language.
Required a compiler.
 First Generation:
1943-1956
Electronic Numerical Integrator
and Calculator (ENIAC)
Worlds first electronic
digital computer.
Used to produce
WWII ballistic firing
tables for the U.S.
Defense Department.

Check out the ENIAC exhibit.

 Second Generation:
1957-1964

1956 IBM 350 RAMAC

Used transistors,
developed by Bell Labs.
Up to 32K of memory.
Programming in computer
languages, such as
FORTRAN and COBOL.

Visit the Computing History Timeline in Resources.

 Third Generation:
1965-1971

Used integrated circuits.

Up to 3 million bytes of
memory.
Lower cost, smaller size,
and increasing processor
speed.
 Fourth Generation:
1972-Now

Microcomputer Revolution Begins.

1971, Intel develops 4004, the first
microprocessor chip.
Altair sold in 1975, the first personal computer. It
is a kit that must be assembled.
Apple Computer is formed in 1976 and sells 50
Apple I.
Advances increase memory size, storage space,
and processing speeds.
 Fourth Generation:
1972-Now

Microcomputers
Personal computers or PCs.
Usually cost about $2,000 or less.
Process over 1 billion operations per
second.
Stand-alone or connected
to other computers as a
network system.
TEA
 1990s
Connecting the World

Tim Berners-Lee
Developed HTML and the World Wide Web
(WWW) was born.
 1990s
Connecting the World

Marc Andreessen
An original developer of Mosaic, the
first browser software able to read
HTML.
Co-founder of Netscape
Communications.
 The 21st Century

Technologies of the Future

Advanced robotics commonplace
Smart houses
Wearable computers
Holodeck virtual reality
Truly individualized education

Check out Dave Moursunds view of education in the year 2015,

one of the Resources.
 Types of Educational
2 Technology
 EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY

MULTIFACETED CONCEPT
LUMBSDAINE (1964)
Has listed 3 distinct approaches
 EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY

EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY I or HARDWARE APPROCH

EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY II or SOFTWARE APPROCH

EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY III or SYSTEM APPROCH

EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY I or HARDWARE APPROCH
MACHINES
APPLIANCES EQUIPMENTS
 SILVERMAN in 1968

HAS STATED
IT HAS ORIGINE IN PHYSICAL
SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING .
IT IS BASED ON THE CONCEPT
OF SERVICE USING
TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION
MECHANICAL and TECHNOLOGICAL
REVOLUTION

Has almost mechanized the

teaching learning process
USE OF HA is a lot to reach the
educational benefit to masses
with great ease and in a cost
effective way .
 Hardware aids

We usually includes
those machine like
appliances and
equipment's which
are considered to be
technical in terms of
their composition
and working
 Audio and visual Hardware aids,

Audio aids Visual aids

Radio :General
broadcast Projector : O H P
Educational Micro Projector
broadcast

Overhead projector
TAPERECORDER OPAQUE or
:record player Transparent
Projector
 Audio _ visual Hardware aids

television
Video slides
Closed circuit
television (CCTV)
VIDEOTAPE or
CASSETTE
RECORDER
computer
Storehouse of knowledge
Good source of self instruction
Helps all stakeholders
Best substitute for traditional teaching aid
 EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY II or
software approach
OWES its ORIGINE to the
Behavioral sciences and
their applied aspect
concerning the p
psychology of learning
SOLID TECHNOLOGY
INSTRUCTIONAL Procedure
Hence known as
INSTRUCTIONAL Or
BEHAVIOURAL
TECHNOLOGY
 ORIGNATED FROM THEORIES OF LEARNING
A PROCESS ORIENTED TECHNIQUE
Which develops and utilizes software aids for bringing the desirable changes in the students
 Blackboard or
chalk board
Bulletined board
or Information
board
Flannel board

Software aids
PICTURES

PROPER AND JUDICIOUS

SELECTION OF PICTURE
Should follow the
following criteria
1. General value Who are
the students .
2. Suitability, Realistic
,Artistic
3. TECHNICALLY CORRECT
4. Clear and meaningful
 Contemporary Times:
GRAPHIC SOFTWARE AIDS

pictorial representation of data

MAPS MODELS
GRAPHS CARTOONS
CHARTS
DIORAMA -3
GLOBES
dimensional
DIAGRAMES
miniature model
PHOTOGRAPHS
making use of small
POSTERS FLASHCARDS
objects .
NEWS PAPERS
 VISUAL AND PROJECTIVE SOFTWARE AID
SLIDES
FILMSTRIPS
VIDEOS
TRANSPARENCIES
PROGRAMMED LEARNING PACKAGES
TELECONFERENCING
 EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY III or system approach

Owes it ORIGIN to the computer science.

Related with the concept of system engineering
Here TECHNOLOGY STANDS FOR SYSTEMATIC WAY TO DESIGN ,CARRY
OUT AND EVALUATE THE TOTAL PROCESS OF EDUCATION IN TERM OF
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE .
IN SA CONTINUOUS COMPARISION OF DIFFRENET ROLES PLAYED BY MEN
MACHINE AND MEDIA IN A SYSTEM OF EDUCATION AND DEVELOP AN
APPROPRIATE INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY
3 Benefits of Educational
Technology in Education
 Technology makes teaching easy.
 Technology
helps you track
students
progress.
 Educational
technology is
good to the
Environment
 Thanks to
technology,
Students
enjoy
learning
 Technology makes distance learning
more accessible than ever.
 Students and
teachers can access
information at any
time
 Integration of
4 Technology in Education