Presentation on environmental

degradation

S Y B Com
Submitted to
Presented by- Mrs. Meenakshi madam

Veenith Soman

Shreyas Dani

Vijay Choughule

Vipul Kale
 Introduction
Environmental degradation is a
process through which the
natural environment is
compromised in some way,
reducing biological diversity
and the general health of the
environment. This process can
be entirely natural in origin, or
it can be accelerated or caused
by human activities. Many
international organizations
recognize environmental
degradation as one of the
major threats facing the planet,
since humans have only been
given one Earth to work with,
and if the environment
becomes irreparably
compromised, it could mean
the end of human existence.
Types of environmental
degradation

Deforestation

Emmision desertification

types

errosion extinction
Deforestation

Deforestation is the clearance of

forests by logging and/or
burning.Deforestation occurs for
many reasons: trees or derived
charcoal are used as, or sold, for
fuel or as a commodity, while
cleared land is used as pasture for
livestock, plantations of
commodities, and settlements. The
removal of trees without sufficient
reforestation has resulted in
damage to habitat, biodiversity
loss and aridity. It has adverse
impacts on biosequestration of
atmospheric carbon dioxide.
Deforested regions typically incur
significant adverse soil erosion and
frequently degrade into wasteland
 Causes of deforestation
There are many root causes
of contemporary
deforestation, including
corruption of government
institutions, the inequitable
distribution of wealth and
power, population growth and
overpopulation, and
urbanization. Globalization is
often viewed as another root
cause of deforestation,
though there are cases in
which the impacts of
globalization have promoted
localized forest recovery.
Desertification
Desertification is the degradation
of land in arid and dry sub-humid
areas due to various factors:
including climatic variations and
human activities. Desertification
results chiefly from man-made
activities: It is principally caused by
overgrazing, over drafting of
groundwater and diversion of
water from rivers for human
consumption and industrial use, all
of these processes are
fundamentally driven by
overpopulation.
A major impact of desertification
is reduced biodiversity and
diminished productive capacity, for
example, by transition from land
dominated by shrub lands to non-
native grasslands
 Causes of desertification

Desertification is induced by several factors, primarily

anthropogenic causes, which began in the Holocene era and
continue at the highest pace today. The primary reasons for
desertification are overgrazing, over-cultivation, increased fire
frequency, water impoundment, deforestation, over drafting of
groundwater, increased soil salinity, and global climate change.
 Emmision

When human or natural forces

release chemicals or other
substances into the environment,
the process is known as emission.
Emission often causes pollution,
for example is caused when
chemicals are released into the
air.
Many natural processes cause
emissions. When a volcano
erupts, it lets out acid, and acid,
ash, and many toxic gases. When
fires break out in forests, they
release smoke, soot, carcinogenic
hydrocarbons, dioxins, and
carbon dioxide
 Errosion

Erosion is the process of weathering and transport of solids in

the natural environment or their source and deposits them
elsewhere. It usually occurs due to transport by wind, water, or
ice; by down-slope creep of soil and other material under the
force of gravity; or by living organisms, such as burrowing
animals, in the case of bioerosion.
A certain amount of erosion is natural and, in fact, healthy for
the ecosystem. For example, gravels continuously move
downstream in watercourses. Erosion is distinguished from
weathering, which is the process of chemical or physical
breakdown of the minerals in the rocks, although the two
processes may occur concurrently.
 When land is overused by animal
activities, there can be mechanical
erosion and also removal of
Effects
vegetation leading to erosion.
In the case of the animal kingdom,
this effect would become material
primarily with very large animal herds
stampeding such as the Blue
Wildebeest on the Serengeti plain.
This effect may be viewed as
anomalous or a problem only when
there is a significant imbalance or
overpopulation of one species.
In case of human, the effects are also
generally linked to overpopulation.
When large number of hikers use
trails or extensive off road vehicle use
occurs, erosive effects often follow,
arising from vegetation removal and
furrowing of foot traffic and off road
vehicle tires.
 Preventive measures
Appropriate policies related to
protection of environment
degradation must be framed.
Renevable sources of energy must
be used instead of non renevable
sources.
The species must be protected from
their extinction.
Water resources must be protected
from the materials and chemicals
which is released from industries,
factories.
Energy saving plan must be framed
so that, people can use them in
apropriate order.
 The degradation of the natural Conclusion
resource base and environment is
started with various human and
economic development activities.
The government has now realized the
need for concern regarding
environmental issues, and started
incorporating environment into
policies dealing with various sectors.
There is a lack of coherence among
policies, and no holistic approach to
mitigate environmental degradation
and conserve resources.
It is important to develop a climate
change adaptation strategy for the
country, particularly to mitigate
impacts of extreme climatic events
such as droughts, floods, cyclones,
and storm surges.
now people are also conscious about
environmental degradation and are
ready against it.
Thank you