Experimental

Design
The scientific method

Ms.Ira
 The variables
A variable
is anything that changes.
The independent variable
is something we change on purpose
during an experiment.
The dependent variable
is the variable that will change as a result
of the independent variable; what we do
not know and are testing to find out.
 The variables
The controlled variables are:
all variables that do not change during the
experiment, each experimental group
have the same treatment for these
variables/constant
A control group
is an experimental group in which the
independent variable doesnt applied.
Independent variable =0
 The variables
Problem:
How does the amount of ice affect the rate
of cooling of a glass of water?
IV: the amount of ice
DV: the water temperature Control group

Experimental group Experimental group Experimental group Experimental group

A B C D
 The hypothesis
How does the amount of ice affect the rate of
cooling of a glass of water?
IV: the amount of ice
DV: the water temperature
Hypothesis:
Educated
If.IV..then ..DV. guess

If we increase the amount of ice, then the

temperature of the water will decrease
Increasing the amount of the ice will decrease
the water temperature
 Material:
2000 ml of water
2 Ice cubes trays each has 10 cubes, @ 5 ml
12 glasses, volume: 150 ml
1 Measuring cylinder (100 ml)
4 thermometer
1 Pipette
12 labels
1 marker
1 Stop watch
1 refrigerator
 Procedure:
1. Measure 5 ml of water with measuring cylinder and pour it into
one of the ice cubes tray maker.
2. Repeat the fist step until all the trays cube are filled
Put the ice trays in the freezer for 5 hours
3. Label the 12 glasses, 3 glasses labeled with A, 3 glasses labeled
with B, 3 glasses labeled with C, 3 glasses labeled with D
4. Measure 100 ml of water with measuring cylinder and pipette,
pour it to each glass.
5. Measure the temperature of each glass with the thermometer
and record the data in a table.
6. Drop 1 ice cube to each of glass labeled A
Drop 2 ice cube to each of glass labeled B
Drop 3 ice cube to each of glass labeled C
Drop 0 ice cube to each of glass labeled D
all ice cubes must be dropped at the same time
7. Wait until 10 minutes, time it with stop watch
8. Measure the temperature in each glass with a thermometer and
record the data
 Measure 5 ml of water

pour it into the each cube in the ice cubes tray maker inside the refigerator for 3 hours

Measure 100 ml of water with measuring cylinder and pipette, pour it to each glass.
Measure the temperature of each glass with the thermometer and record the data

A A A B B B C C C D D D

@ 100 ml of water @ 100 ml of water @ 100 ml of water @ 100 ml of water

+ +
2 ice cubes
+
3 ice cubes
+
0 ice cube
1 ice cube

10 minutes

Measure the temperature in each glass with a thermometer record the data