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Kuliah 3. Virus Onkogenik
Kuliah 3. Virus Onkogenik
Kuliah 3. Virus Onkogenik
Dini Agustina
{
Mikrobiologi FKUJ
Basic virology
Characteristic and Structure
{ General concept
Classification
A noncellular organism
Having genetic nucleic acid that requires a host to replicate.
One end is usually broader (head), and one end narrower (tail).
The tail often has antigenic proteins for attachment to the host
Characteristic
{
A schematic depicting how different viruses compare in size
to other microorganisms, such as a single bacterium (blue)
and human hepatocyte (tan).
Virus size
BASIC STRUCTURAL FORMS OF VIRUSES
Bacteriophages
a virus that infects and replicates within a bacterium
Levinson W, Jawetz E: Medical Microbiology & Immunology Examination & Board Review, 6th ed. McGraw-Hill, 2000. Modified there
from Jawetz E, Melnick JL, Adelberg EA: Review of Medical Microbiology, 16th ed. McGraw-Hill, 1984
viruses require a host cell to replicate and spread
to other adjacent cells as they do not possess the
ability to reproduce on their own completely
dependent on the cellular metabolism of the host
for reproductionas obligate intracellular
parasites.
So what virus mode infection and How
General concept
Virus mode of infection. (A) Viral-envelope antigens bind to receptors on the host cell and is
taken up. (B) Viral proteins are expressed and presented by MHC class I molecules by the infected
cell. At this point, the infected cell is a target for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). (C) Viral effects on
host cell surface proteins; target for CTL or natural killer cells. (D) Viral proteins inserted into host
cell membrane; antibodies bind, causing cell death by antibody-dependent cell-mediated
cytotoxicity (ADCC) or by complement fixation (not shown).
Examples of antibody-mediated mechanisms against viral infections. Opsonization is
effective against both enveloped (A) & non-enveloped viruses (B). Enveloped viruses are also
susceptible to direct complement-lysis by membrane attack complex (MAC)
Oncogenic viruses
{ DNA tumor viruses
RNA tumor viruses
1.Oncogenes
(+)
2. Tumor-
suppressor
genes (-)
Tumor
1. Stimulatory for growth and which cause 2. Inhibit cell growth and which cause
cancer when hyperactive cancer when they are turned off
Salah satu pemicu terjadinya kanker.
Dapat menyebabkan perubahan-perubahan yang
mempengaruhi proses onkogenesis.
Saat menginfeksi sel dapat menyebabkan mutasi proto-
onkogen sel menjadi onkogen.
RNA virus mengaktivasi onkogen
DNA virus menekan kerja tumor supressor
Papovaviridae : HPV, SV-40,
Hepadnaviridae : HBV
Herpesviridae : EBV,KSHV
Adenoviridae
Poxviridae
retrovirus ( trans-activating/
nontransducing long-latency retrovirus )
HTLV-1
( Human T sel Leukemia Virus )
Masao Matsuoka. 2003. Human T-cell leukemia virus type I and adult T-cell leukemia
Oncogene. 22, 51315140. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206551
Atypical flower pada ATL
a small (50 nm in size),
enveloped,
single-stranded,
RNA virus
family Flaviviridae.
HEPATITIS C
Transmisi
Jaundice
Abdominal pain (right upper abdomen)
Fatigue
Loss of appetite
Nausea
Vomiting
Low-grade fever
Generalized itching
Ascites
Symptom
Ahuja et al., 2014. Human oncogenic viruses and
cancer. CURRENT SCIENCE, VOL. 107, NO. 5
Referensi
1. Hunt M. 2014. BASIC VIROLOGY: DEFINITIONS, CLASSIFICATION,
MORPHOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY. Microbiology and Immunology Online.
4. Toy, et al. 2008. Case Files Microbiology 2ed. Mc Graw Hill Lange. New York
5. Brooks et al., 2007. Jawetz, Melnick and adelbergs Medical Microbiology 24ed.
Mc Graw Hill. New York