PHILIPPINE

ARCHITECTURE
ART EDUCATION GROUP 3
INTRODUCTION:
The architecture of the Philippines is a
reflection of the countrys historical and
cultural heritage. Most prominent historic
structures in the archipelago are based on
a mix of indigenous Austronesian, Chinese,
Malay, American, and Spanish influences.
Periods of Philippine
Architecture
Pre-Colonial
The pre-colonial architecture of the
Philippines consisted of the Nipa hut made
from natural materials but there are some
large scale construction before the Spanish
colonizers came but not well documented.
An example of this is the pre-colonial walled
city of Manila although later after the
Spanish colonization, dismantled by the
Spaniards and rebuilt as Intramuros.
Spanish Colonial Era
During 300 years of Spanish colonization, the Philippine
architecture was dominated by Spanish influences.
During this period, Intramuros, the walled city of Manila, was
built with its walls, houses, churches and fortress.
The Augustinian friars built a large number of grand churches
all over the Philippine islands.
During this period, the traditional Filipino Bahay na bato style
for the large houses emerged. These were large houses built of
stone and wood combining Filipino, Spanish and Chinese style
elements.
Bahay na bato
Other Buildings
American Colonial Period
After the Spanish-American war, the architecture of the
Philippines was dominated by the American style. In this
period, the plan for the modern city of Manila was
designed, with a large number of neoclassical architecture
and art deco buildings by famous American and Filipino
architects.
During the liberation of Manila by the combined American
and Filipino troops in 1945, large portions of Intramuros and
Manila were destroyed. In the period after the second
world war, many of the destroyed buildings were rebuilt.
After World War II
Implementing modernism through the
utilization of reinforced concrete,
steel and glass, the predominance of
cubic forms, geometric shapes and
Cartesian grids, and the absence of
applied decoration.
The New Millennium
Exemplified by the garish
application paste colors and the
mixing and matching of
ornaments and styles.