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Adaptive Frequency Hopping Implementation Proposals For IEEE 802.15.1/2 WPAN Bing Gan, Bijan Treister Bandspeed Pty LTD
Adaptive Frequency Hopping Implementation Proposals For IEEE 802.15.1/2 WPAN Bing Gan, Bijan Treister Bandspeed Pty LTD
15-00/367r0
Outline
• What is frequency hopping and why?
fn
f n -1
Frequency
f3
f2
f1
t
T im e
Submissio Slide 3 Hongbing Gan, Bijan Treister, Bandspeed Pty Ltd
n
November, 2000 doc.: IEEE 802.15-00/367r0
Fading Narrow-band
minimum interference
f
Submissio Slide 4 Hongbing Gan, Bijan Treister, Bandspeed Pty Ltd
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November, 2000 doc.: IEEE 802.15-00/367r0
Microwave
OFF Baseband TX sent:
Baseband RX received:
Microwave ON
Baseband TX sent:
Baseband RX received:
Channel: 2.45GHz
Modulation: FSK
Symbol Rate: 20Kb/s
Advantages:
• Active avoidance of narrow-band interference,
frequency- selective fading
• Better BER performance
• Reducing transmitter power, up to 30 dB
• Working with adaptive channel equalizers will further
enhance system performance
d d̂
FH FH
Channel RF Channel
number Channe number
l
Frequency Frequency
LQA
Map Map
Link quality
analysis
PN PN
generator generator
• 30+ dB LESS transmitter power
Results: • Low probability of interception by enemies
Submissio Slide 8 Hongbing Gan, Bijan Treister, Bandspeed Pty Ltd
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November, 2000 doc.: IEEE 802.15-00/367r0
23/79 mode
UAP/LAP
28 bits
Hop frequency
Selection box
Clock
27/28 bits
Segment 1
Segment 2
Segment 3
Proposal 1:
A New Packet Type to Transmit
New Hopping Sequence
AM _AD D R TYPE
F lo w ARQ N SEQ N HEC
000 0101
Proposal 2:
Master Appends 3 byte to the Payload to
Indicate the Channel Number for the Slave to
Transmit in Next Time-slot
3 b y te s a p p e n d e d (1 /3 F E C )
N ext
CAC H eader N o r m a l P a y lo a d
channel
S la v e 1 G o o d C le a r G o o d B a d B ad B ad B ad
S la v e 2 C le a r G o o d B a d C le a r C le a r B a d G o o d
S la v e 4 B ad Bad G ood B ad C le a r C le a r G o o d
S la v e 5 G o o d G o o d C le a r B a d G ood G ood B ad
S la v e 6 C le a r G o o d C le a r G o o d G ood G ood B ad
S la v e 7 G o o d C le a r C le a r G o o d G ood B ad B ad
• Complexity can be reduced by grouping channels in chunks of
coherence bandwidth
• Update of table forced from higher layers, or
• Update of dead channels done after a predefined Timeout
Submissio Slide 26 Hongbing Gan, Bijan Treister, Bandspeed Pty Ltd
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November, 2000 doc.: IEEE 802.15-00/367r0
f(2k) f(2k+2)
(regular) f’(Clear) (regular) f’(Good)
Next channel Next channel
Master
t
Slave X
t
Slave Y
625 s
Submissio Slide 27 Hongbing Gan, Bijan Treister, Bandspeed Pty Ltd
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November, 2000 doc.: IEEE 802.15-00/367r0
Conclusion
• AFH could be applied to 802.15.1/2/3 based on channel
classification, as a Non-collaborative Coexistence Mechanism
• Channel classification could be based on error checking of
CAC, HEC, and CRC, modified LMP or new packet type, etc.
• A new packet type is proposed to broadcast hopping
sequence information
• A quasi-adaptive hopping is also proposed
• AFH could potentially avoid interference, lower the
transmitting power (important for battery-operated device)
and increase throughput.
• Bandspeed’s proprietary ‘AFH + equalizer’ could even
enhance system performance further