Professional Documents
Culture Documents
High Vacuum Unit
High Vacuum Unit
High Vacuum Unit
Skema Proses
Variabel Process
Permasalahan HVU
RU VII
Cap. 10 MB
RU V
Cap. 5 MB
RU II
Cap. 170 MB
URU VI
Cap. 125 MB
RU III
Cap. 134 MB
RU IV
Cap. 345 MB
Page 2
PERTAMINA RU-II REFINERY BLOCK DIAGRAM ( + LBO Plant)
Base Oil
LBO
Plant
3
Sejarah Kilang
Pembangunan Platforming-I
Volatile Products :
Lubricating Oils :
Fuel Gas Motor
Ethylene Machine Oils
LPG
Waxes :
Propylene Papercoating grade
Light Naptha Pharmaceutical grade
Light Distillates : Bitumen :
Gasoline Asphalt
Coke
Heavy Naptha
Kerosene & Jet Fuels
Middle Distillates :
Automotive Diesel
Gas Oil
Fuel Oils :
Marine Diesel
Bunker Fuels
Feed & Products
DUMAI PRODUCTS
CRUDE OIL LPG
========= NAPHTHA
MINAS (85%) GASOLINE
DURI (15%) JET /AVTUR
========= KERO
MINAS (90%) DUMAI REFINERY ADO
LIRIK (10%) LSWR
SELAT GREEN COKE
PANJANG CALCINED COKE
SUNGAI PAKNING
7
Crude Break Up
Teknologi Pengolahan Minyak
P ro c e ss Flo w D iag r am , P en g o la h an d a n P ro d u ksi
K ila ng U P- II D um ai S . Pa k ning
( R EA LISA SI PEN G OL A H A N J A N U A RI - J U N I 2006)
R FG /F la r e
Ga
N a ph t h a R e f.Fu e l G a s
C r ud e O il C
D S R .LS W R = 4 3 4 6 M B
7602 M B
U
A m in e N a ph th a = 1 0 1 2 M B
LIR I K 3 .9 8 M B S D
SLC 3 7. 97 M B SD L on g R e s id u e Tr e a te r
SP C 0. 04 6 M BS D
L P G = 2 60 .6 M T on
Ga Ga
Ga L .N a ph
P re mium 8 8= 4 ,1 5 0 M B
F . R .N a ph
NRU H .N a ph
K er o L PG
C r u d e O il Plat
C
LG O
D Fo r m e r H O M C = 1823 M B
2 1 ,3 58 M B
. Pla t f or ma t e
D U R I 1 7. 7 M B SD U
HGO
SLC 1 03 .3 M B SD
H2
P LA N T
N H DT H .N a ph
S O LPH Y = 0 .0
P lat Pla t f or ma t e
MBS D
Fo r m e r A V T UR= 1982 MB
H.N a ph
LV GO
HVU Ga s J P 5 = 0 .0 M B
9 2. 60 0 H VGO L .N a ph
KERO S EN E= 4123 MB
B PD
H CC
55 . 6 00 A D O= 1 1 8 7 M B
L. K er o
Ga s B PD JP 5
U ns a t . LPG
H.K e ro
K er o
C . Na p h
AD O
DC U L C GO
L S W R= 1710 MB
35 . 2 00 G as
N a ph
L. K er o
B PD C A L C IN E R C A L CI N E D C O KE = 0 M B S D
HC G O
D HD T GR E E N CO K E = 1 0 0 9 .9 M T on
H. K er o
H V G O = 26 9 M B
10
Proces s F low D iagr am , Pengola ha n dan Produksi
Kila ng UP -I I I Pla ju & S.G er ong
( REALISASI PENGOLAHAN JANUARI - JUNI 2006)
Ref.Fuel G as
Ga MU SI COOL =0.54 M Ton
C4
Alkyl L P G = 76 M Ton
BBDU Poly
CDU SR Top AVGA S = 5.3 MB
II /II I/I V/V
CDU NAPHTHA = 2233 M B
Naph I / I I
C rude : 17195 MB
115
- SPD 1 9.5 MBC D .
- Kaji 30.86 MBCD MBCD Naph II /
STAB
LKD/ MK D
TRT 1
- TAP 7.80 MBC D
SB PX = 15 M Ton
- Ra mba 23.0 MBC D
A/B/C
L A W S = 6 .5 M Ton
L CT /HCT
KE ROSEN E = 2 959 M B
A D O = 310 8 M B
I D O = 19 7 MB
L S W R = 0.0 M B
Gas SR Naphtha
TRT 4 L O M C = 170 M B
VI
A DO
Prem ium 88= 3 808 MB
Lo ng Re sidue
Polypropy lene Po ly ta m =25.3 M Ton
ADO
H O M C =330 MB
LV GO Gas
Feed to P ol y
F eed t o Alkyl
Gas
H VU
Idle H VGO C4
RDU-3 Naphtha II S TAB
IFO
Kerosen e
FCCU
A DO
Cr.Nap
h
LSWR LSWR
I F O = 26 84 MB
11
P r o c e s s F lo w D i a g r a m , P e n g o la h a n d a n P r o d u k s i
K il a n g U P - I V C I L A C A P
( REALIS A S I JA N U ARI - JUN I 2 0 0 6 )
G a s T r e at e r G a s T r e at e r Sulph ur = 2 .3 5 M Ton
G A S TO F U E L/F LA R E
L P G = 6 8. 8 M T o n
N
H H. N A P H TH A P LATFOR M E R S
T H O M C = 1 5 04 M B
S RN P
-
1 L
L. N A P H T HA 1 0 0 3 6 .4 5
P R E M I U M 8 8 =1 0 03 6 M B
M E ROX
A VT UR = 1799 MB
K ER O
T R EA T ER
CR UD E 20,109 M B C D U -I
A R A B LI G H T C R U D E KE R O S I N E = 8 87 4 M B
G A S O IL
H D S -1
HO
A D O = 12 8 6 4 M B
P A R 6 0 = 3 .9 M T o n
V GO
H V I 6 0 = 2 6 .7 M T o n
L . RE S SPO S P O R A F IN A T E
LM O LM O R A F I NA TE
H VU
M DU
H V I 9 5 = 3 3 .2 M T o n
1 /2 MN O F EU M M O R A F IN A T E
1 /2 1 /2 H V I 65 0 = 4 7. 8 M T o n
BO DM O R A F I NA TE
H V I 1 6 0 B /S = 92 . 4 M T o n
B O RA FI N A T E
P A R 9 5 = 1. 17 M T o n
S.R ES
D AO E X T RA CT
P DU S L A C K W A X = 1. 2 5 M T o n
1 /2
M i n a re x A / B /H = 2 1 . 6 5 M T o n
A SP
A S P H A T = 2 5 6 .6 M T o n
F U E L O I L = 80 5 0 . 8 M B
L PG
L P G RE CO V E RY
G AS L. N A P HT A
SPL GA S H2
N A PH TH A = 2 8 8 5 M B
S RN
H. N A P H TH A NH T
CCR
S W E E T NA P HT H A
M E RO X
CR UD E 34,475 M B K ER O
AHU
C D U - II
D o m e s t ik = 1 7 ,7 5 8 M B
I m p or = 1 6 , 7 1 8 M B
G A S O IL
I D O = 1 4 24 M B
GA S
L . RE S N A P HT HA
L CG O
V IS B R EA K E R DH T
H CG O
L SW R = 7 7 8 M B
4 1 .6 3
B E N Z E N E = 4 1 .6 3 M T o n
PX
P L ANT H e a vy A r o m a t e = 0 .0 M T o n
PA R A X Y LE N E = 5 9 .7 M T on
12
Process Flow Diagram, Pengolahan dan Produksi
Kilang UP-V Balikpapan
( REALISASI PENGOLAHAN JANUARI - JUNI 2006)
Ga
SRN RFG/Flare
Avtur
Crude CDU Wax
Kerosen HVU POD Wax = 10.3 MTon
8559.5 MB V Plant
III
ADO
Crude : Filter Oil
SLC 28.53 MBSD
Fuel Oil=0.0 MB
Tanjung 5.70 MBCD
LPG Rec
W iduri 13.06 MBSD L P G=56.8 MTon
L.Naphtha
H.Naphtha Plat
Crude NHT Premium 88=7942 MB
CDU Kerosen
Former
34,210 MB IV
Naph tha =2412 MB
Crude : ADO
Domestik 17,652 MB
Kerosene= 7616 MB
Impor 16,558 MB
A D O= 12,992 MB
HVU
Avtur = 1600 MB
HCU
H2 Plant LSWR = 9558 MB
I D O= 112 MB
H O M C 92 IMPOR/DOMESTIK
13
P r o c e s s F l o w D i a g r a m , P e n g o la h a n d a n P r o d u k s i
K il a n g U P - V I B A L O N G A N
( R EA L IS A S I PEN G O LA H A N J A N U A R I - J U N I 20 06 )
R F G =O w n U se
A m ine
O f f G a s t o In c in er a t or
A m in e T r e at e r S ulp h ur R ec ov e r y
S ul p h u r = 0 . 0 M B C D
# 23 # 25
L P G = 1 8 4 .6 M T on
P re m i u m 8 8 = 8 0 1 6 .5 M B
C rud e O il C P e rt a m a x P l u s = 3 9 2 . 8 M B
D u r i : 1 0 ,0 6 1 MB
D
K e r ose ne = 2 6 2 0 .9 M B
SLC : 9149 MB U
J a ti b a r a n g : 3 9 3 M B P e r ta m a x 9 2 = 1 0 3 3 . 5 M B
G as O il H T U
# 14 A D O = 426 8 M B
Pr op ylen e = 8 5 .1 M T o n
A RH DM P r o p y le n e I D O = 1 8 6 .4 M B
# 1 2/13 L P G T r e at m e nt
R e c ov e r y
# 17
# 19
C a t a ly t ic
U ns at G as oline P o ly m e r iz a t i o n
G as Pla nt T r e a t er # 20
# 16 # 18
--- ---- F u el O il = 0 .0 M S D
N at .G as R CC
H U nit LCO
2 D e c a n t O il = 11 8 5 . 6 M B
# 22 # 15
H y d r ot r e at e r
R e f. F u el G as # 21 C o ke = O W N U S E / B a la nc e
R e f .F u el O il= O W N U S E
PEN E X
L i g h t N a p h th a
U N IT
23 M BSD
N A PHT HA FE E D
NH DT N APH T H A
52 M BS D H O M C 92 = 4876 MB
S PLIT T ER
P L A T FO R M E R
H e a v y N a p h th a U N IT
R F G / Fl a re
29 M BSD
Le a n G a s to E P
N a tu r a l G a s L
599 M B
P
G M i n as o l = 0.0 M B C D
C o n de ns ate = 43 4 .4 M B
14
Process Flow Diagram, Pengolahan dan Produksi
Kilang UP-VII Kasim
( REALISASI PENGOLAHAN JANUARI - JUNI 2006)
RFG/Flare
Gas Naphtha =96.7 MB
L. Naph
Gas H2
H. Naph Premium =14.3 MB
Crude NHTU CRU
CDU Sweet
10 Reformat
WALIO 606.4 MB 2.0 MBSD 2.0 MBSD
MBSD
Kerosene = 125.6 MB
A D O = 128 MB
Residue = 192.4 MB
15
Introduction
Skema Proses
Variabel Process
Permasalahan HVU
Boiling Range
Gas & Light Ends (C1 s/d C4) < 30 oC
Naptha 30 ~ 145 oC
Kerosene 145 ~ 240 oC
Light Gas Oil 240 ~ 330 oC
Heavy Gas Oil 330 ~ 370 oC
Atmospheric Residue > 370 Oc
Fuel Type
Produk berupa BBM yang berat (LVGO, HVGO)
Lube Type
Produk berupa Lube Oil Base Stock (HVI-60, HVI-95, HVI-160S, HVI-
160B). Final product berupa bahan baku di Lube Oil Blending Plant
atau Grease Plant
19
DJOKO S. 2011
Typical Product HVU
No Produk Pemanfaatan
21
Skema Sederhana HVU
Steam
Vacuum Ejectors
LVGO
HVGO
Flash Zone
35-80 mm Hg abs Heat Exchange
COT
(400-415C) typical
Slop Wax
Tujuannya untuk
Heater meminimize flow ini
Reduced Crude
Vacuum Residue
Introduction
Skema Proses
Variabel Process
Permasalahan HVU
25
Internal Column Layout
LVGO Section
LVGO juga merupakan seksi pelepasan
panas
LVGO reflux berfungsi untuk menjaga
kualitas LVGO semakin tinggi temp. LVGO
draw off semakin banyak fraksi berat
yang terbawa ke LVGO colour LVGO
semakin tinggi
Temperatur LVGO draw off = 134oC-140oC
(desain 95oC)
Internal coloumn: packing tray EF-25A
Vacuum Column Section
Overhead Section
Diameter kolom mengecil pada ovhd sect
mengurangi vapour load yang terbawa
ke ovhd sect kevakuman dapat terjaga
Kevakuman dijaga kurang dari 26
mmHg(HA) menggunakan ejector 3 tahap
(J-51, J-52, dan J-53) beserta 3
intercondenser-nya (E-52, E-53, dan E-54)
Sekilas Tentang Ejector
35
Booster Ejector
36
EJEKTOR
Estimasi Kebutuhan Steam
38
Superficial velocity in tower
90 mm 24 5.0 8.0
Stabilizer
160 Lb 18 2.2 2.8
39
DJOKO S. 2011
Introduction
Skema Proses
Variabel Process
Permasalahan HVU
Umpan Produk
546,5
625
Spesifikasi Umpan dan Produk
Umpan Produk
Properties L. Residue LVGO HVGO S. Residue
API 26.6 34.5 31.0 18.8
SG 15/15oC 0.8900 0.8524 0.8708 0.9415
Sulfur, ppm wt 0.12 0.09 0.13 0.17
nitrogen, ppm wt 600
V, ppm wt <5 2 <10
Ni, ppm wt 12 30
Fe, ppm wt 11
Flash Point, oC 157
Pour point, oC 43.3 27 49 >49
colour ASTM max 2.5 max 5.5
Distilasi, oC
IBP 254 343 365
10% 389 354 416
50% 506 366 468
90% 602 374 521
EP 382 582
Vacuum Distillation Heaters
43
Vacuum Distillation Heaters
Typical Cabin Style Heater
Outlet Piping @ Vacuum Heater
Horizontal Tubes, Free Draining
44
Vacuum Distillation Structured Packing
45
Vacuum Distillation Structured Packing
RASCHIG RING
LESSING RING
46
Vacuum Distillation Structured Packing
BERL SADDLE
INTALOX SADDLE
47
Vacuum Distillation Structured Packing
REBOILER RETURN
48
Vacuum Distillation Tray Column
STRAIGHT DOWNCOMER
SLOPED DOWNCOMER
49
Vacuum Distillation Tray Column
SIEVE TRAY
BALLAST TRAY
50
Vacuum Distillation Tray Column
51
Vacuum Distillation Tray Column
ALIRAN UAP
DI DALAM KOLOM
52
Introduction
Skema Proses
Variabel Process
Permasalahan HVU
54
Variabel Proses
Tekanan Kolom
Merupakan variabel utama yang
mempengaruhi pemisahan dan kualitas
produk HVU
Semakin vacuum tekanan kolom
semakin banyak yield produk HVGO/LVGO
yang dapat dihasilkan semakin sedikit
produk bottom-nya
Tekanan top dijaga pada 15 mmHg.
Sedangkan tekanan bottom dijaga 30
mmHg
Variabel Proses
Skema Proses
Variabel Process
Permasalahan HVU
64
Vacuum Wash Zone Coking
Liquid distribution pada Kolom Vakum
umumnya dilengkapi Sprays
Kuncinya adalah untuk menjaga
permukaan selalu terbasahi
Minimum wetting rate 0.2 Spray
gpm/ft Nozzle
65
Vacuum Tower Ejector System
Sumber beban Ejector :
Air leakage
Gas yang diproduksi di heater
dan kolom akibat thermal
Ejectors
cracking (rule of thumb
Water cooled
antara 0.1 to 0.2 wt-% condensers
furnace feed)
Dissolved non-condensibles Dip legs
di feed
Air di feed
Condensable hydrocarbon
(rule of thumb sekitar 0.4
wt% feed ke kolom)
Stripping dan furnace coil
steam
66
Introduction
Skema Proses
Variabel Process
Permasalahan HVU
Problem kevakuman
68
Vacuum Column Trouble Shooting
Check DP
Check DT
Vacuum Column Trouble Shooting
Permasalahan kevakuman
Kebocoran (udara masuk ke coulumn)
? Kebocoran pada HE