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Section 3,4: Bending Deformation, Strain and Stress in Beams
Section 3,4: Bending Deformation, Strain and Stress in Beams
Section 3,4
Bending Deformation, Strain and
Stress in Beams
6.2 Bending Deformation and Strain
Key Points:
1. Bending moment
causes beam to
deform.
2. X = longitudinal axis
3. Y = axis of symmetry
4. Neutral surface does
not undergo a change
in length
Key Points:
1. Internal bending moment causes beam to deform.
2. For this case, top fibers in compression, bottom in
tension.
Key Points:
1. Neutral surface no change in length.
2. All cross-sections remain plane and perpendicular to longitudinal axis.
3. Neglect deformation of cros section within its own plane.
Radius of
curvature
Length
decreases
Length =
constant
s 's ( y ) y
lim lim
s 0 s s 0
y Says normal strain is
linear
Maximum at outer surface
(where y = c)
y
max
c
6.2 Bending Stress The Flexure Formula
y
max
c
Therefore, it follows that
y
max
c
Sum moments about cut:
y
M ydF y (dA) y max dA
A A A
c
This is the
max 2
M
c A y dA moment of
inertia, I
The Flexure Formula:
Internal bending
moment, lb-in
Mc
Distance from NA to
outer fiber, in
max
I Moment of inertia, in4
My
Or in general:
I
Examples:
Find maximum moment
Find area properties, I and c
Calculate stress
WHERE IS
BENDING STRESS
MAXIMUM???
Answer:
Outer surface
(furthest away from
Neutral Axis)
Value of x along
length where moment
is maximum!!
Example: The T-shape beam is subjected to the loading below.
1. Draw shear and moment diagram. Identify location and magnitude of Mmax.
2. Determine location and magnitude of maximum bending stress and draw stress
profile. Is the beam safe if the material is aluminum w/ y = 15 ksi?
3. What is the largest internal moment the beam can resist if allow = 2 ksi?
45K
Statics: Example 1 - Pliers
Given: Typical
household pliers as
shown.
Find: Force applied to
wire and force in pin
that connects the two
parts of the pliers.