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    Nyeri Kepala: Zainuddin Arpandy

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    Adelaide Sharfina
    1. Headache is one of the most common health problems, affecting 78% of women and 64% of men at least once a year. 2. The causes of headache (CEMENTED) include circulation issues, infections, muscle tension, eye strain, tumors, trauma, ear/nose issues, and dental problems. 3. Treatment approaches include symptomatic relief using analgesics, addressing the underlying etiology, diet, prevention, rehabilitation, psychotherapy, and exercise. Medications may include pain relievers, anti-serotonins, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers.

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    Nyeri Kepala: Zainuddin Arpandy

    Uploaded by

    Adelaide Sharfina
    34 views33 pages
    1. Headache is one of the most common health problems, affecting 78% of women and 64% of men at least once a year. 2. The causes of headache (CEMENTED) include circulation issues, infections, muscle tension, eye strain, tumors, trauma, ear/nose issues, and dental problems. 3. Treatment approaches include symptomatic relief using analgesics, addressing the underlying etiology, diet, prevention, rehabilitation, psychotherapy, and exercise. Medications may include pain relievers, anti-serotonins, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers.

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    sefalgia

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    Nyeri Kepala

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    1. Headache is one of the most common health problems, affecting 78% of women and 64% of men at least once a year. 2. The causes of headache (CEMENTED) include circulation issues, infections, muscle tension, eye strain, tumors, trauma, ear/nose issues, and dental problems. 3. Treatment approaches include symptomatic relief using analgesics, addressing the underlying etiology, diet, prevention, rehabilitation, psychotherapy, and exercise. Medications may include pain relievers, anti-serotonins, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers.

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    34 views33 pages

    Nyeri Kepala: Zainuddin Arpandy

    Uploaded by

    Adelaide Sharfina
    1. Headache is one of the most common health problems, affecting 78% of women and 64% of men at least once a year. 2. The causes of headache (CEMENTED) include circulation issues, infections, muscle tension, eye strain, tumors, trauma, ear/nose issues, and dental problems. 3. Treatment approaches include symptomatic relief using analgesics, addressing the underlying etiology, diet, prevention, rehabilitation, psychotherapy, and exercise. Medications may include pain relievers, anti-serotonins, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers.

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    of 33

    NYERI KEPALA

    Zainuddin Arpandy
    EPIDEMIOLOGI
    Termasuk dl 10 penyakit terbanyak
    produktifitas
    78% dan 64% pernah merasakan
    paling sedikit 1x/th
    35% & 19% menderita NK rekuren
    ETIOLOGY
    C = Circulation
    E = Encephalomeningitis
    M = Muscle (TTH)
    E = Eye
    N = Neoplasm
    T = Trauma
    E = Ear & Nose (THT)
    D = Dental
    DEVELOPMENT OF
    HEADACHE HYPOTHESES

    Unpleasant sensation
    Gate control
    perceived from the head, Theory (1960)
    commonly produced by
    processes which damage
    or are capable of dama-
    ging bodily tissues.

    Somatic sensory
    IMBALANCE component and
    HYPOTHESIS aversive affective
    component
    Kandel et al, 2000
    IMBALANCE HYPOTHESIS

    Excitatory Inhibitory
    Transmision Transmision

    NORMAL BALANCE

    IMBALANCE HEADACHE
    PATOPHYISIOLOGY
    1. Dilatasi /displacement pemb drh
    intra-kranial
    2. Dilatasi pemb drh ekstra-kranial
    3. Iritasi Meningen
    4. Kompresi Langsung N.V, IX dan X
    5. Referred pain dari Mata, THT, gigi,
    Tlg Leher (spondilosis cervicalis)
    6. Kontraksi otot kepala (tension type
    headache)
    ORTHOMOLECULAR ECOLOGIC PATHOLOGY OF PAIN

    Maladaptive symptoms
    Micronutrients def
    e.g pain

    Food/chemical maladaptive Cell malnutrition


    allergic reactions

    Impoverished biochemical
    environment

    Leeney, Rinkel, Philpott


    MANAJEMEN
    Simptomatis
    Etiologis (CEMENTED)
    Diet
    Preventif
    Rehabilitatif
    Psikoterapi

    NK9
    Penatalaksanaan Migraine
    Istirahat
    Hindari pencetus
    Kompres dingin
    Diet & Mikronutrien
    Medikamentosa :
    a. Abortif /serangan
    - Analgetik : ASA, Indomethacin, Ibuprofen
    - Ergotamin
    - Sumatriptan
    - Tranquilizer
    - Metoclopramid
    b. Prevensi
    Untuk frek serangan > 2x/bulan
    - blokers
    - Pizotifen
    - Methysergid (anti serotonin)
    - Flunarizin (Ca Ch Bloker)
    - Amitriptilin

    Mig11
    Penatalaksanaan TTH
    Informasi & Edukasi
    Mikronutrien
    Analgesik
    Tranquilizer
    Muscle relaxant
    Anti depresan
    Latihan relaksasi
    Prinsip Manajemen TTH
    .

    stress kontraksi otot vasokonstriksi

    nyeri zat vasoaktif

    TTH2
    Masase untuk NK
    SENAM BAHU DAN KEPALA
    TANDA BAHAYA
    NK hebat, mendadak
    NK memburuk secara progresif
    Onset disertai batuk, kegiatan seksual
    dan kegiatan fisik lainnya
    Disertai ggn kesadaran, ggn memori,
    malaise kronis, mialgia, arthralgia,
    demam, ggn penglihatan progresif,
    kelumpuhan, hilangnya keseimbangan
    Onset pertama pada usia > 50 th

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