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Autacoid Eicosanoid
Autacoid Eicosanoid
Autacoid Eicosanoid
A. Histamine
B. Other biogenic amines
1) Serotonin
2) Bradykinin
C. Eicosanoids
1) Leukotrienes
2) Prostanoids
Hormone (Bayliss & Starling): a chemical
substance that was secreted, without benefit of
a duct, directly into the bloodstream and which
acted at long range, often slowly on distant
organs or tissues
Neurotransmitters: released by neurons, not
endocrine glands, and acted briefly and at short
range on adjacent neurons or target cells
However, these definitions are not as straightforward as they
were historically classified; new evidence shows that:
Localized in tissues
Bronchiles: H1 receptors
H2 : increased cAMP
SEROTONIN
Sources: plants (e.g. banana, pineapple, plums)
and animals (e.g.mollusks, arthropods,
mammals, [unlike humans, can be found inthese
animals platelets and not in their mast cells])
Biosynthesis: hydroxylation of tryptophan then
decarboxylation to serotionin (5-hydroxy
tryptamine; 5-HT). Rapidly absorbed
intosecretory granules. Accumulated in
platelets, degradation by oxidative deamination.
pain perception
Sleep/Wakefulness
Various behaviors normal/abnormal: depression,
schizophrenia, obsessive compulsive behavior, etc.
Neuroendocrine regulation controls hypothalamic
cells involved in release of several anterior pituitary
hormones.
BRADYKININ
A non a peptide formed after tissue damage,
viral and allergic response.
2. Thromboxanes
3. Leukotrienes
4. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids
Functions of Eicosanoids:
1. Inflammation
2. Fever
3. Regulation of BP
4. Blood clotting
5. Immune system modulation
6. Control of reproductive processes and tissue growth
7. Regulation of Sleep wake cycle
Biosynthesis of Eicosanoids