4 KINDS OF SENTENCE

• Declaration Sentence

• Interrogative Sentence

• Exclamatory Sentence

• Imperative Sentence
 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
LANGUAGE

1. Symbol REFERENCE

2. Represent EX. A=98-100

3. Reference SYMBOL REFERENCE
4. Subject
 LIBRARY CONGRESS SYSTEM

- Is used by big libraries which house large collection of

books. Books, in this system have 21 main divisions. The
book classifications are follows:
A. General Works
B. Philosophy, Religion
C. History, Auxiliary Science
D. History of other countries excluding America
E, F. American History
G. Geography
H. Social Sciences
J. Political Science
K. Law
L. Education
M. Music
N. Fine Arts
P. Language and Literature
PZ. Fiction
Q. Science
R. Medicine
S. Agriculture
T. Technology
U. Military Science
V. Naval Science
W. Bibliography, Library Science
 DEWEY DECIMAL SYSTEM

- Classifies books into ten (10) main divisions. This system is

used in more libraries because it can be adapted to the
needs of a small collection. It was invented by Melville
Dewey, a pioneer in library economy.
The Dewey Decimal System has the following
classifications:
000 General Works 600 Applied Science
100 Philosophy 700 Fine Arts, Recreation
200 Religion 800 Literature
300 Social Science 900 History
400 Philology or Languages
500 Natural Science or Pure Science
 CARD CATALOGUE

- Is the index to the collection of books in the library.

There are three types of card catalogue.
A. The author card contain the author’s full name on the
first line, title of the book, place of publication,
publishing company, date of publication, volume(if
any), and other pieces of information important to the
book.
B. The title card contains the same information as the
author card, except that on the first line, the title book
comes first.
C. The subject card contains the subject listed first , and
it has the same information as the author and the title
cards.
 PART OF SPEECH

Naming words : nouns and pronouns

Asserting words: verbs

Modifying words: adjectives and adverbs

Joining words: preposition and conjunction

Independent words: interjection

 NOUNS
Nouns are classified as:

A. COMMON- nouns which name is whole group of

persons, places or things.
Examples: building, book, municipality, author, etc.

B. PROPER- nouns which name a specific person, place

or thing.
Examples: Patrick John A. Flores, Mall of Asia, Farmer’s
Market
 COUNT AND NONCOUNT NOUNS
A noun can be either abstract (intangible) or concrete
(tangible). Can be classified into two types: count nouns and
noncount nouns.

A. COUNT NOUNS- can be counted and have both singular

and plural forms.
Ex. Book-books, bridge-bridges

B. NONCOUNT NOUNS- may either be mass or concrete

Ex. Sand, soap, milk
 PRONOUNS
A. Personal Pronouns- used in place of a person’s name.
B. Compound Personal Pronouns- are used intensively for
emphasis, or reflexively to refer to a preceding noun or
pronoun.
C. Indefinite Pronouns- do not have antecedents, but some
of them may occasionally be used to refer to preceding
noun or pronoun.
D. Demonstrative Pronouns- they always refer to a definite
person or thing, but the words they refer to may come later.
E. Interrogative Pronouns- the pronouns who, whom,
which, and what are used to ask questions.
F. Relative Pronouns- the words who, whose, whom, which
and that are sometimes used to introduce an adjective
clause. They relate the clause to some other words in the
sentence.
 TENSE
1. Present Tense
Ex. The earth moves around the sun .
2. Past Tense
Ex. Nobody came to help the old man.
3. Future Tense
Ex. I will leave early today.
4. Present Perfect Tense
Ex. She has eaten her lunch already.
5. Past Present Tense
Ex. We had finished writing before the teacher came.
6. Future Perfect Tense
Ex. Before the office closes, the exhibit will have had one
hundred visitors.
7. Progressive Form
Ex. The manager was explaining the objectives of the project
when the president arrived.

8. Present Progressive Form

Ex. Many call centers have been establishing branches in our
city to expand their business.

9. Past Perfect Progressive

Ex. The performers had been practicing before the
announcement of the pospoment of the play day.

10. Future Perfect Progressive

Ex. By the year 2030, the temperature on earth will have been
radical raising.
 CONJUNCTIONS
A. Coordinating Conjunction- tie together things of the
same kind, class, or value, the typical ones are and, but,
or, for, nor, and so.

B. Coorelative Conjunction- a few conjunctions are used

in pairs: not only...but also; either...or; neither...nor .

C. Subordinating Conjunction- words used to introduce

adverd clauses.

D. Conjunctive Adverds- are preceded by a semicolon and

followed by a comma.
 by :
re d e s 
p a lo r
Pre n A. F
Joh
t ri ck
Pa

THE
END