Topic To be covered for Discussion

Gas Turbine Technology

Conventional Class.
Advanced Class.
Ultra Advanced Class.
Gas Turbine Applications
Power Plant.
Base Load Power Plant.
Peak Load Power Plant.
Marine Application
Air Craft Applications
For Fighter Air Craft.
For Commercial Flight.
Gas Turbine Construction
Silo Type.
Can Annular Type.
Cannular Type
 Topic To be covered for Discussion

Rating of Gas Turbines.

ISO Rating
Site Ratings.
Factors affect Gas Turbine Performance
Frequency.
Ambient Temperature.
Humidity.
DP across intake Air filters.
Gas Turbine Exhaust pressure.
TIT.
Surface roughness.
Aging.
Compressor Fouling.
 Topic To be covered for Discussion
Gas Turbine maintenance.
Eq. Operating Hours( EOH)/ Factored Hours.
No. of Start/ Stop.
Type of maintenance of Gas Turbine
A Type Inspection/ Combustion Inspection.
B Type Inspection / Hot Gas Path Inspection.
C Type/ OH
Gas Turbine Material.
Damage Mechanism of Hot Path Components of Gas
Turbine.

Residual Life Assessment or RLA.

Open Cycle.

Combined Cycle.
Construction features of Steam Turbines.
Governing System of Steam Turbine.
Protections & Interlocks of Gas Turbine; Steam Turbine,
WHRB, Generator.
 Classifications of gas Turbines
Conventional Class (D;DA or E;EA Class)
Capacity :- 331 MW to 587 MW with 2+1 Config
H.Rate :- 6610 to 6190 Btu/Kwh

Efficiency :- 51.4 to 55.1 % (TIT 1005 to 1154 Deg-C)

Advance Class (F; FA; FA+e Class)

Capacity :- 786 MW to 799.6 MW (2+1)
H.Rate :- 5955 to 5980 btu/Kwh
Efficiency :- 57.1 to 58.0% (1275 to 1350 Deg-C)

Super Advance Class (G or H Class)

Capacity :- 520 MW to MW(1+1)
H.Rate :- 5755 to 5595 btu/Kwh
Efficiency :- 59.3 to 61 % (TIT 1450 to 1550 Deg-C)
 Gas Turbines Installed in NTPC
Conventional Class (D or E Class)
Auraiya :- MHI Make; Model 701D; TIT 1154 Deg-C
Anta :- Alstom Make; Model 13D2; TIT 1005 Deg-C.
Jhanor :- Alstom Make; Model 13E1; TIT 1070 Deg-C
Dadri :- Siemens Make; Model V 94.2;TIT 1060 Deg-C.
Fbad :- Siemens Make; Model V 94.2;TIT 1070 Deg-C.
Kawas :- GE make; Model 9061E; TIT 1104 Deg-C.
KKulam :- GE make; Model 9071E; TIT 1124 Deg-C.

Advance Class
RGPPL-Dabhol :- GE make; Model 9351(FA+e); TIT 1327
Deg-C.
 Construction features of gas Turbines
Single Double
Silo type

ANTA & JHANOR

DADRI & FBAD

Combus
tion Bucke
Can Annular Type ts
Compon Nozzles
Rotor ents
Fuel
Nozzles

AURAIYA & KAWAS

Annular Type :-
 Can Annular Type gas Turbines

A/CI Insp
C/OH

B/HPI Insp
Double Silo Type gas Turbines
Single Silo Type gas Turbines
Cannular Type gas Turbines
 Topic To be covered for Discussion
Open Cycle Open Cycle
7. Lub. Oil & Control Oil System.
1. Control Air System.
8. Starting Systems
2. Fuel System Starting Motor.
a) Natural Gas. Static frequency Converter.
b) Liquid Fuel. 9. Fire Fighting System
c) Fuel Pre heating if any a. GT enclosure.
3. GT Rotor Air Cooling System. b. Generator X-Mer.
4. NOx Control System c. Main & Control Oil Tank.
a. Dry Low-NOx. 10. Fire Fighting Systems
b. Wet NOx Control Fire Hydrant Lines
1. Steam Injection. Spray Water Lines for Deluge Systems.
2. Water Injection. Foam Systems.
5. Detection System in GT Enclosure. 11. Generator Cooling System
H2 Cooling
a. Fire Detection. Air Cooling.
b. Gas Leakage Detector. 12. Gas Turbine Control
c. Liquid Fuel Leakage Detector. a) Fuel Control
6. Compressor Washing Systems b) Speed Control.
a. On line Wet Washing System c) Load Control
b. On line Dry cleaning System. d) Temperature Control.
c. Off Line Wet Washing System.
 Topic To be covered for Discussion
Open Cycle Open Cycle
12. Compressor Bleed Air System 16.Starting Devices
LP Bleeding System. Starting Motor.
HP Bleeding System Static Frequency Converter.

13. Gas Turbine Power Augmentation

17.Generator X- Mer Winding Cooling
Inlet Air Cooling by Evaporative Cooler. ONAN.
Inlet Air Cooling by Chiller. ONAF.
Wet Compression. OFAF.
Duct firing in WHRB for ST. 18. Excitation System.
a. Static Excitation (SES).
b. Brushless Excitation.
14.Electrical System
LT (0.415 KV)
HT ( 6.6 KV/ 11 KV). 19 Generator Cooling System
a. Winding by Water.
15. Generator Seal System
a. Seal Oil Pump. b. Rotor by H2/ Air.
b. Seal Oil Tank.
c. Vacuum Pump.
d. Differential Pressure Regulator.
 Topic To be covered for Discussion
Combined Cycle /WHRB Combined Cycle /WHRB
1. By Pass Stack & Damper 8 Spray Water System
a. HP Super heater Spray.
2. Inlet Duct.
b. IP Super heater Spray.
a) Inlet Guillotine Gate.
9 Feed Control Systems
b) Inlet Multilouver Damper.
a. LP Feed Water.
c) Inlet Damper
b. IP Feed Water.
3. Condensate Pre-Heater.
c. HP Feed water.
4. Economizers.
d. De-Aerator Level Control.
a. LP Economizer.
e. Reserved Feed Water System.
b. IP economizer.
f. Hot Well Level Control.
c. HP economizer.
g. Hot Well make UP system.
5. Evaporators
10. Dosing System
a. LP Evaporators.
LP Dosing
b. IP Evaporators.
HP Dosing.
c. HP Evaporators.
11. Blow Down System
6. Super heaters
a) LP Drum.
a) LP Super Heaters.
b) IP Drum.
b) IP Super Heaters.
c) HP Drum..
c) HP Super Heaters..
 Topic To be covered for Discussion
Combined Cycle /WHRB Combined Cycle /WHRB
12 Circulating System.
18. Boiler Water Circulating Pump
a. Natural. a. HP BWCP.
b. Assisted/Forced b. IP BWCP.
c. LP BWCP.
13. Duct Firing
19. Safety Valves
a. Natural Gas.
a. LP Drum & LP Steam line.
b. Liquid Fuel.
b. IP Drum & IP Steam Line.
14. Lay Out of WHRB (Flue Gas)
c. HP Drum & Steam Line.
Horizontal Flow.
Vertical Flow. 20. Blow Down Tank
15. Support Lay Out. LP Drum
Top Support IP Drum
Bottom Support. HP Drum.
16. Shaft lay out
Single Shaft.
Multiple Shaft
17 Feed Water Pumps/Single Pump.
HPBFP
IP BFP.
LP BFP
 Topic To be covered for Discussion
Combined Cycle / Combined Cycle
2. Governing System
By Pass System a. Nozzle Governing.
b. Throttle Governing.
1 Bypass Valves. a. Sliding Pressure
a. HP By Pass. b. Throttle Pressure.
a. Load Control.
b. IP By Pass. b. Speed Control.
c. LP By Pass. c. Pressure Control.

2. Stop & Control Valves 3. Condenser Vacuum Pulling System

a. HP. a. Priming Ejector.

b. IP b. Starting Ejector.

c. LP. c. Main Ejector

3. Main Steam Drain System d. Vacuum Pump

HP Main Steam Line. a. Hogging Mode

IP Main Steam Line. b. Holding Mode.

LP Main Steam Line. e. Seal Water Pump..

4. Gland Seal Steam
1.Steam Turbine
External Seal Steam from PRDS
HP Steam Turbine.
Self Sealing System.
IP Steam Turbine.
LP Steam Turbine.
 Topic To be covered for Discussion
Combined Cycle / Turbine WHRB Protections
1 Turbine Systems.
Drum Level Lo Lo.
a. HP Turbine.
Close Inlet damper.
b. IP Turbine.
c. LP Turbine. Open By Pass Damper.
2. Rolling of Turbine If fails to open in time Trip GT.
a. Cold Rolling.
b. Hot Rolling
c. Worm Start Up.
Combined Cycle /BOP
3. Turbine Protections 1. Condenser Water System
a. Close Loop.
Axial Shift..
b. Open Loop.
Over Speed.
2. Aux. Cooling Water System
Low Vacuum.
a. Water to Water Close Loop.
Lub Oil Pressure Low.
b. Water to Water Open Loop..
Governing Oil Pressure Low.
c. Water to Air Close loop.
Vibration High.
3. Clarified Water System
Main Steam Temperature Low.
4. DM Water System.
Boiler Drum Level High.
Generator Trip.
 Fuel used in Gas Turbines
Natural Gas.
Natural Gas Liquid (NGL).
RLNG.
HSD.
Naphtha.

Blast Furnace (BFG) & Coke oven Gas (COG).

HFO.

Coal/ Pet Coke Gas. (IGCC)

 Gas Requirement for capacity Recovery
Capacity PLF Days Gas Reqd in
NCR in MW in % Gen Yrly Gen in MU mmscmd

ANTA 419.33 83 8.353 3049 1.69

AURAIYA 663.36 83 13.214 4823 2.70

DADRI 833.6 83 16.605 6061 3.31

F'BAD 431.57 83 8.597 3138 1.68

TOTAL 2347.86 83 46.769 17071 9.39

 Gas Requirement for capacity Recovery

Capacity PLF Days Yrly Gen

WR in MW in % Gen in MU Gas Reqd in mmscmd

13.0
KAWAS-I 656.2 83 72 4771 3.07

13.0
JHANOR-I 657.39 83 95 4780 3.19

26.1
TOTAL 1313.59 83 67 9551 6.26

TOTAL
GAS 72.9
NCR+WR 3661.45 83.0 36 26622 15.65
TERMINOLOGY AND CONSTITUENTS OF NATURAL GAS

METHANE
ETHANE LNG
PROPANE
BUTANES LPG

PENTANES & heavier NGL NATURAL

= C5+ GAS
= PENTANES PLUS
= NATURAL GASOLINE
= CONDENSATE

NON HYDROCARBONS
e.g. N2, H2O, CO2, H2S, COS, Hg, etc.
 Configuration of LNG terminal

VACUUM BREAKER
METERING
CAPTIVE
FUEL GAS
ELEC AMB. AIR UNIT
RECONDENSER
FG HEATER FG HEATER

HOT
WATER
SCV SEND OUT
LNG TANK NG
METERING
STATION
GLYCOL WATER

LNG LOADING ARM HP PUMP GLYCOL WATER STV

BOG COMPRESSOR

LNG LOADING ARM

DESUPERHEATER

NG RETURN ARM

FLARE

LNG LOADING ARM