Microprocessor and Interfacing (MPI)

Subject Code: 2150707

Semester: Vth CE
Credit: 6

Prof. Swati Sharma

swati.sharma@darshan.ac.in

Microprocessor
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Interfacing -- 2150707 Darshan
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 Subject Overview
Teaching and Examination Scheme:

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 Subject Overview
Sr. No. Unit % Weightage
1 Introduction to Microprocessor 8%
2 Microprocessor Architecture and Operations 7%
3 8085 Microprocessor 10%
4 Assembly Language Programming Basics 10%
5 8085 Assembly Language Programs 10%
6 Stack & Subroutines 10%
7 I/O Interfacing 15%
8 Advanced Microprocessors 20%
9 SUN SPARC Microprocessor 5%
10 ARM Processor 5%

Unit-1
Unit-1 Introduction
Introduction to
to Microprocessor
Microprocessor 3 Darshan
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& Technology
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 Subject Overview
Reference Book:
Sr. Unit Reference Book
No.
1 Introduction to Microprocessor Microprocessor Architecture,
2 Microprocessor Architecture and Operations Programming, and Applications
3 8085 Microprocessor with the 8085
4 Assembly Language Programming Basics Ramesh S. Gaonkar
5 8085 Assembly Language Programs Publication: Penram International
6 Stack & Subroutines
7 I/O Interfacing
8 Advanced Microprocessors Microprocessor & Interfacing
Douglas Hall, TMH
9 SUN SPARC Microprocessor Advanced Microprocessors,
10 ARM Processor Daniel Tabak, McGrawHill

Microprocessor
Microprocessor &
& Interfacing 2150707 4
Interfacing -- 2150707 Darshan
Darshan Institute
Institute of
of Engineering
Engineering &
& Technology
Technology
 Unit-1
Introduction to Microprocessor
Prof. Swati Sharma
swati.sharma@darshan.ac.in

Microprocessor
Microprocessor &
& Interfacing 2150707 5
Interfacing -- 2150707 Darshan
Darshan Institute
Institute of
of Engineering
Engineering &
& Technology
Technology
 Subject Overview
Sr. No. Unit % Weightage
1 Introduction to Microprocessor 8%
2 Microprocessor Architecture and Operations 7%
3 8085 Microprocessor 10%
4 Assembly Language Programming Basics 10%
5 8085 Assembly Language Programs 10%
6 Stack & Subroutines 10%
7 I/O Interfacing 15%
8 Advanced Microprocessors 20%
9 SUN SPARC Microprocessor 5%
10 ARM Processor 5%

Reference Book:
Microprocessor Architecture, Programming, and Applications with the 8085
Ramesh S. Gaonkar
Publication: Penram International.
Unit-1
Unit-1 Introduction
Introduction to
to Microprocessor
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 Basic Concepts of Microprocessors

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& Interfacing 2150707 7
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 Basic Concepts of Microprocessors
Micro-computer
Micro-processor
Micro-Controller
A computer with a microprocessor
Silicon chip which includes
as its CPU. Includesincludes
Silicon chip which memory,ALU,
I/O
microprocessor,
Register circuits memory
& &
Control I/O in a
circuits
etc.
single package.

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Unit-1
Unit-1 Introduction
Introduction to
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 What is a Microprocessor?
The word comes from the combination Micro + Processor
Processor means a device that processes numbers, specifically
binary numbers, 0s and 1s.
Micro means?
In the early 1970s the microchip was invented.
All of the components that made up the processor were now
placed on a single piece of silicon.
The size of chip became several thousand times smaller and the
speed became several hundred times faster.

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 What is a Microprocessor?
Definition
The Microprocessor is a
Can perform Multipurpose, Can be instructed
multiple tasks
Programmable, to perform
specific task
Provides Clock Driven,
Synchronization Store
Register Based Intermediate
Processing data
Form of an Digital-Integrated Circuit
Integrated
circuit (IC) which accepts binary data as input,
processes it according to instructions stored in its memory,
and provides results as output.

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 Basic Concepts of Microprocessors
Microprocessor is a computer Central Processing Unit (CPU) on a
single chip that contains millions of transistors connected by
wires.
A microprocessor is designed to perform arithmetic and logic
operations that make use of small number-holding areas called
registers.
Typical microprocessor operations include adding, subtracting,
comparing two numbers and fetching numbers from one area to
an another.

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 Components of Microprocessor

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 Components of Microprocessor
Brain of the
computer.
Performs Small additional
operations such as memory location,
addition, which are used to
subtraction, and Arithmetic store and transfer
logical operations and Register data.
such as OR, AND, Logical Array
XOR etc.
Unit (ALU)

Control Unit

It controls and executes the flow of data between

the microprocessor, memory and peripherals.
Signal permits the CPU to receive or transmit data

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 System Bus

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 System Bus
This network of wires or electronic pathways is called the 'Bus'.

A system bus is a single computer bus that connects the major

components of a computer system.
The technique was developed to reduce costs and improve
modularity.
Classification
1. Address Bus - Transfer Address

2. Data Bus - Transfer Data

3. Control Bus - Transfer Control Signal

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 System Bus
CPU Memory Input/Output

Control Bus

Address Bus

Data Bus

System Bus

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 System Bus
Address Bus
It is a group of wires or lines that are used to transfer the
addresses of Memory or I/O devices.
It is unidirectional.

The maximum address capacity is equal to two to the power of

the number of lines present (2^lines).

E.g. 8085 has 16-address lines

Maximum address capacity => 216 = 65536

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 System Bus
CPU Memory Input/Output

Control Bus

Address Bus

Data Bus

System Bus

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 System Bus
Data Bus
It is used to transfer data within Microprocessor and Memory/IO
devices.
It is bidirectional as Microprocessor requires to send and receive
data.
Each wire is used for the transfer of signals corresponding to a
single bit of binary data.

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 System Bus
CPU Memory Input/Output

Control Bus

Address Bus

Data Bus

System Bus

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 System Bus
Control Bus
Microprocessor uses control bus to process data, i.e. what to do
with the selected memory location.
Some control signals are Read, Write and Opcode fetch etc.
It is bidirectional bus.
This is a dedicated bus, because all timing signals are generated
according to control signal.

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 Microprocessor systems with bus
organization

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& Interfacing 2150707 23
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 Microprocessor systems with bus organization

Input/Output

System Bus

Memory

ROM R/WM

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 Microprocessor systems with bus organization
In most simplified form a microprocessor based system consist of
a microprocessor, I/O (input/output) devices and memory.
These components are interfaced (connected) with
microprocessor over a common communication path called
system bus.
Microprocessor is master of the system and responsible for
executing the program.

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 Microprocessor systems with bus organization
Memory is responsible for storing program as well as data.

System generally consists of two types of memories

ROM (Read only and non-volatile) and

RAM (Read/Write and volatile).

I/O devices are used to communicate with the environment.
Keyboard can be example of input devices and LED, LCD or
monitor can be example of output device.

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