American History

Thursday, November 2nd

 Warm Up
The Answer Is

CONFEDERATION
 Today in History
1777 John Paul Jones sets sail from
Portsmouth, NH to the Irish Sea to raid
British ships.
 The States Decide
Federalists supported the Constitution
and wanted to see it pass.
Anti-federalists were against the
Constitution.
The Struggle for Ratification
The Federalist Papers
85 essays written by John Jay (5), James
Madison (29) and Alexander Hamilton
(51).
Published in 2 volumes in 1788 to
answer questions and defend the
Constitution.
The Struggle for Ratification
The Federalist Papers
The Federalist Papers was instrumental in
seeing the Constitution ratified as well as
serving as a commentary on the
proposed government.
The Struggle for Ratification
Thirteen Battles
The first 5 states of Delaware,
Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Georgia and
Connecticut ratified the Constitution
quickly and easily.
Massachussets, Maryland, South
Carolina and New Hampshire followed,
which made 9 states.
The Struggle for Ratification
Thirteen Battles
New York and Virginia had to ratify in
order to unify the nation.
New York would separate New England
from the rest of the country.
Virginia would cut off the South.
The Struggle for Ratification
Thirteen Battles
Anti-Federalists in Virginia were led by
Patrick Henry, delegate George Mason
and governor Edmund Randolph.
Their objections were:
Fear of a central, national government
The absence of guarantees of personal
liberties
The Struggle for Ratification
Thirteen Battles
Federalists didnt oppose civil liberties,
but rather felt a written list was too
restrictive or unnecessary.
They also felt that a Bill of Rights would
impede ratification of the Constitution
and national order.
 The Struggle for Ratification
Thirteen Battles
James Madison, the Father
of the Constitution,
promised to introduce
amendments for a Bill of
Rights in the first session of
Congress.
This promise helped Virginia
to ratify the Constitution by a
narrow margin.
The Struggle for Ratification
Thirteen Battles
After Virginia ratified, New York also
ratified by a narrow margin even though
Anti-Federalists outnumbered
Federalists.
Rhode Island and North Carolina held
out longer, but finally ratified in 1789
and 1790 respectively.
 The Bill of Rights
1791 Congress adopted the first 10
amendments of the Constitution, call the
Bill of Rights.
Lists the individual rights and freedoms,
including the guarantee of religious
freedom.
 Church and State
The Founding Fathers didnt mean that
there wouldnt be Christian values in the
government, but that there would not be
a tax-supported church.
The U.S was the first country in the
world where people could preach and
practice their faith without government
control.
 A New Republic
Federal Republic
Republic a government where citizens
elect representatives.
Federal power is divided between states
and the national government.
The people would rule indirectly through
representatives, which would prevent
people from ruling as an angry mob.
 A New Republic
Federal Republic
Constitutional Principles
Balance of Power state and local
government would keep most of the
power.
Central Government would maintain law
and order, assure free trade and money
and protect the country during war.
 A New Republic
Federal Republic
Constitutional Principles
Three Branches
Legislative makes the laws
Executive enforces laws
Judicial interprets laws
 A New Republic
Federal Republic
Constitutional Principles
The different branches would have
separate but equal powers and could
check the decisions of the other branches.