UNIT 1 : PROPERTIES

AND SHAPES
Introducing Civil Engineering
Basic Shapes and Properties
GROUP NAME
KOMANG GEDE PUTRA AIRLANGGA
1504105089
MADE KHRISNA ADI NEGARA
1504105090
EXAMPLES OF BASIC
FORMS
Cylinder

Triangular Prism

CUBE

Hemisphere Cone

Pyramid

Rectangular Prism
BUILDING COMPONENT

an Egyptian house a mosque

a minaret
a hotel
column

slab

a Roman arch
an Arabic arch
the structure of a factory
a brick

a steel channel
a church a steel beam
a power station building
 Pyramid
a.The hotel is shaped like a ..
is shaped like a Cone
b.The top of the minaret
c.The dome of the Egyptian house is..
shaped like a Hemisphere
d.The column
is Cube shaped
is Rectangular Prism shaped
e.The slab .
is shaped like a Triangular prism
f. The church ..
g.The power station building is
shaped like a Cube
2. Look at these drawings of two-
dimensional shapes:

a square shape a semi-circular shape

a circular shape

a triangular shape
a rectangular shape
Now look and read

The cross-section of a
square prism is square
in shape.

The longitudinal
section of a square
prism is rectangular in
shape.
Make sentences from this table:

The cross- brick square

section of the hotel circular
The top of the minaret is semi- in
longitudinal- column circular shape
section of the church rectangular
triangular
3. Now answer these questions about
the drawings in exercise 1:

a.Which building is pencil-shaped?

b.Which building component is I-shaped in cross-
section?
c. Which building component is C-shaped in cross-
section?
d.Which dome is egg-shaped?
e. Which arch is horseshoe-shaped?
f. Which building has diamond-shaped windows?
4. Look and read:

external surface

internal surface

a tube is hollow a rod is solid

a flat surface
a curved surface
The power station building is hollow. It has five flat
external surfaces.

Now describe these buildings and components in a

similar way:
a. The church
b. The slab
c. The column
d. The mosque
e. The steel beam
5. Now describe the shapes of the
buildings in exercise 1, page 1 and
compare them with the buildings around
you.
Section 2 Development
6. Look at these examples:

A man can easily lift a

roll of glass wool large roll of glass wool
but not a concrete beam.

concrete beam

Glass wool is light but

concrete is heavy.

A man can bend a

rubber tile but not a
rubber
concrete concrete tile.

Rubber is flexible but

concrete is rigid.
 Wood can burn but
concrete
oncrete cannot burn.

Wood is combustible
wood
but concrete is non-
combustible

Water vapour can pass

bitumen roof
through stone but not
stone wall
through bitumen.

Stone is permeable but

bitumen is
impermeable.
 You can see through
glass but not through
wood.
glass
wood

Glass is transparent
but wood is opaque.

Stainless steel can resist

corrosion but mild steel
cannot.

polished stainless steel does Stainless steel is corrosion

not go rusty
resistant but mild steel is not
corrosion resistant.
 Heat can be easily transfer
wooden handle
through copper but not
copper pan
through wood.

Copper is a good conductor of

heat but wood is poor
conductor of heat

rubber block

Rubber can be stretched or

compressive force
deform block
return to the original shape
compressed and will return to
its original shape but clay
cannot.

when force removed

Rubber is elastic but clay is

plastic.
scratch

Bitumen can be dented or

scratched easily but glass cannot.
dent
Bitumen is soft but glass is hard.
Look at these diagrams. Match the letters
A H in the diagrams with the sentences
below:
B
A
C

F G

E
Now complete these sentences with properties:

The polythene membrane can prevent moisture from rising

into the concrete floor. This means that polythene is
..

The T-shaped aluminium section can resist chemical action,

i.e. aluminium is

The stone block cannot be lifted without using a crane. This

means that stone is .

The corrugated iron roof cannot prevent the sun from

heating up the house, i.e. iron is
..
 Glass wool can help to keep a house warm in the winter and
cool in the summer, i.e. glass wool is .

The ceramic tiles on the floor cannot be scratched easily by

people walking on them. This means that ceramics tiles are

Asbestos sheeting can be used to fireproof doors. In other

words asbestos is

Black cloth blinds can be used to keep the light out of a

room, i.e. cloth is ..
7. Make sentences about four other
properties of materials from this table:

Steel good sound insulation.

Stone has the property good thermal insulation.
Glass wool of high compressive
Brick strength.
high tensile strength.

it can resist high compressive

This means forces.
it can resist high tensile forces.
it does not transmit heat easily.
it does not transmit sound easily.