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Karakterisasi Polimer
Karakterisasi Polimer
POLIMER
First : Uji Pemerian
Use your senses (take pictures to document)
What color? Does it fluoresce
Transparent or opaque?
Homogeneous in appearance?
Solid or liquid
Tacky or sticky or brittle or tough
Mass compare with theoretical yield
Describe the material below
Describe the material below
Second : Uji kelarutan
Water, ethanol, benzene, methylene chloride,
tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, hexane,
acetone, diethyl ether, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-
methyl pyrrolidone (NMP)
Leave it at room temp overnight. Look for
swelling if not dissolved.
Boil solvent for 4 hours.
If it doesnt dissolve its probably cross-linked
or really crystalline
Types of Polymers & solubility
www.protec-de.com
Particle Size Analyzer (Light
Scattering)
Menentukan ukuran/distribusi Persamaan Stokes-Einstein:
ukuran partikel polimer
kT
D
3d
D = koefisien difusi
k = konstanta Boltzmann
T = temperatur
= viskositas
d = diameter hidrodinamik
www.malvern.com
Particle Size Analyzer (Light
Scattering)
www.polymer.uni-karlsruhe.de
www.medsci.org
Gel Permeation
Chromatography
Menentukan berat/distribusi berat molekul dari polimer.
www.whale.wheelock.edu
Gel Permeation
Chromatography
www.nanoscience.ucf.edu
Thermal characterization of
polymers
Thermal gravimetric analyses (TGA)
determines decomposition temperature
www.industrysearch.com.au
DSC analysis
DSC analysis
DSC Thermogram
Oxidation
Heat Flow -> exothermic
Crystallisation Cross-Linking
(Cure)
Glass
Transition
Melting
Temperature
Thermogravimetry Analysis
Menentukan kestabilan
termal dan analisa
komposisi dari polimer.
Didasarkan massa
yang hilang selama
suhu dinaikkan.
Thermogravimetry Analysis
Thermal Degradation of Polyhydroxylated
Nylon 6,6
15.0k
0 TG
o
100 C -6.3%
o
150 C -6.9%
-20 o
W eight Loss (TG), %
DTG
-40
o
205 C
o
-60 425 C 5.0k
-80
DTG
0.0
-100
TEM
Electron Microscope
www.botany.unimelb.edu.au
SEM
Electron Microscope (TEM)
www.remf.dartmouth.edu
Electron Microscope (SEM)
Lain-lain
Infrared spektrometri
Menentukan struktur ikatan polimer.
Lain-lain
Gas Chromatography
Menentukan konversi
monomer dan
monomer sisa dari hasil
polimer.
Lain-lain
NMR
Menentukan struktur kimia dari polimer dan
mengetahui adanya monomer sisa.
Lain-lain
1H NMR PMMA:
NMR
Lain-lain
X-ray diffraction (XRD)
Menentukan susunan ruang semua atom
Menentukan polimer kristalin atau amorf.
amorphous
materials
shows diffuse
band
Semi-crystalline
polymer shows
diffraction rings
Lain-lain
Pola difraksi XRD
Lain-lain
Lain-lain
XRD : analisis tipe kristal
Not every polymer needs all of these
analyses, but structure is the most basic
and important