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  • Iii. Systema Respiratorius: Respirasi Olfactus Bunyi (Suara

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    Hima Alamrie
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    The respiratory system consists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and diaphragm. The nose contains nasal cavities made of bone and cartilage that warm and humidify inhaled air before it reaches the lungs. The larynx, located below the pharynx, contains vocal cords and cartilage that protect the airway and allow for sound production. The trachea is a tube of cartilage that branches into the bronchi and bronchioles within the lungs, where gas exchange occurs in alveoli before exhaled air leaves through the nose or mouth. The diaphragm and pleura are also involved in respiration.

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    The respiratory system consists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and diaphragm. The nose contains nasal cavities made of bone and cartilage that warm and humidify inhaled air before it reaches the lungs. The larynx, located below the pharynx, contains vocal cords and cartilage that protect the airway and allow for sound production. The trachea is a tube of cartilage that branches into the bronchi and bronchioles within the lungs, where gas exchange occurs in alveoli before exhaled air leaves through the nose or mouth. The diaphragm and pleura are also involved in respiration.

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    13 views17 pages

    Iii. Systema Respiratorius: Respirasi Olfactus Bunyi (Suara

    Uploaded by

    Hima Alamrie
    The respiratory system consists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and diaphragm. The nose contains nasal cavities made of bone and cartilage that warm and humidify inhaled air before it reaches the lungs. The larynx, located below the pharynx, contains vocal cords and cartilage that protect the airway and allow for sound production. The trachea is a tube of cartilage that branches into the bronchi and bronchioles within the lungs, where gas exchange occurs in alveoli before exhaled air leaves through the nose or mouth. The diaphragm and pleura are also involved in respiration.

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    of 17

    III.

    SYSTEMA RESPIRATORIUS

    RESPIRASI
    OLFACTUS
    BUNYI (SUARA)
    SYSTEMA RESPIRATORIUS

    1.CAVITAS NASI
    2.LARYNX
    3.TRACHEA
    4.BRONCHUS
    5.PULMO
    6.PLEURA
    7.DIAPHRAGMA THORACIS
    1. CAVITAS NASI

    RONGGA PIRAMID
    MEMPUNYAI :
    - DINDING LATERAL
    - DINDING MEDIAL (=
    SEPTUM NASI)
    - LANTAI
    NARES ANTERIOR =
    NOSTRIL
    NARES POSTERIOR =
    CHOANAE
    DINDING LATERAL :

    Concha nasalis superior


    Concha nasalis media
    Concha nasalis inferior

    Meatus nasi superior


    Meatus nasi medius
    Meatus nasi inferior
    SINUS PARANASALIS

    Sinus frontalis
    Sinus ethmoidalis
    (=cellulae eithmoidalis)
    Sinus sphenoidalis
    Sinus maxillaris (= ANTRUM OF HIGHMORE)

    Fungsi:
    - Udara menjadi basah dan hangat
    - Os cranium menjadi lebih ringan
    - Resonansi udara
    2. Larynx

    Cartilago
    Ligamentum / membran
    Otot
    Larynx
    Di ventral dari pharynx
    Berhadapan dengan Vert.
    Cervicalis 3-6
    Di caudal dari
    os hyoideum dan lingua
    Melanjutkan diri menjadi
    trachea
    Fungsi larynx
    Respirasi
    Menghasilkan bunyi
    Sphincter : mencegah masuknya benda
    asing ke dalam trachea/ bronchus
    CARTILAGO LARYNGIS

    Cartilago thyreoidea (1)


    Cartilago cricoidea (1)
    Cartilago arytaenoidea(2)
    Cartilago epiglottica (1)
    Cartilago corniculata (2)
    Cartilago cuneiforme (2)
    3. TRACHEA
    PIPA CARTILAGO :
    Cincin, terbuka di dorsal
    Cart.cricoidea (vert. cerv. 6
    vertebra thoracalis 5)
    Panjang 11 cm, diameter
    2-2,5 cm
    Di dorsal terdapat
    Oesophagus
    Di ventral terdapat
    Glandula Thyroidea
    Cavitas thoracis
    4. BRONCHUS

    BRONCHUS PRIMER :
    BRONCHUS DEXTER, pendek,
    lumen besar, vertikal
    BRONCHUS SINISTER,
    panjang, lumen kecil
    BRONCHIOLUS TERMINALIS
    ALVEOLUS
    5. PULMO
    PARENCHYM
    TERDIRI DARI :
    - LOBUS DEXTER
    - LOBUS SINISTER
    SEGMEN-SEGMEN
    CONUS :
    Basis Apex Facies
    Margo - UDARA
    PLEURA

    PLEURA VISCERALIS
    PLEURA PARIETALIS
    CAVUM PLEURA berisi
    cairan sereus
    DIAPHRAGMA THORACIS

    SEKAT, KUBAH
    CAVITAS THORACIS CAVUM
    ABDOMINIS
    JARINGAN IKAT + OTOT
    MELEKAT :
    Vert.thoracalis 12 proc.xiphoideus
    arcus costarum
    2. PHARYNX

    TABUNG FIBRO-MUSCULAR
    BASIS CRANII VERTEBRA CERVICALIS 6

    PANJANG 12,5 CM
    DIAMETER 5 CM , 2,5 CM
    Pembagian pharynx :
    1. NASOPHARYNX :
    - choanae cavitas nasi
    - tuba eustacheus cavum tympani 1

    2. OROPHARYNX 2
    isthmus faucium cavitas oris 3

    3. LARINGOPHARYNX
    adytus laryngeus - larynx
    3. OESOPHAGUS

    saluran muscular
    pharynx gaster
    di bagi menjadi 3 bagian :
    -pars cervicalis
    -pars thoracalis
    -pars abdominalis
    diaphragma thoracis hiatus
    oesophageus

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