Presented by:- Supervised by:-

Mukul Kaushik Mr. Ajay Dalal

Pardeep kumar
Abhilash
 Content
Introduction
Working
Application
Design
Future scope
 INTRODUCTION
SOLAR THERMAL COLLECTORS
Solar thermal collectors are the special kind of heat exchangers
that transform solar radiation energy to internal energy of the
transport medium.
The major component of any solar power system is these solar
collectors.
The first solar thermal collector designed for building roofs was
patented by William H. Goettl and called the "Solar heat
collector and radiator for building roof"
Types of thermal collectors
Solar collectors are
either Concentrating or
Non Concentrating
Concentrated solar
power systems generate
solar power by using
mirrors or lenses to
concentrate a large area
of sunlight, or solar
thermal energy, onto a
Non concentrating
small area. Example:-
parabolic dish
In Non-Concentrating
type the whole solar
panel absorbs light.
Example:- Flat plate
collector
 Flat plate collector
Flat-plate collectors, developed by Hottel and Whillier in the
1950s are the most common type of solar collector which are
widely used for domestic household hot-water heating and space
heating, where the demand temperature is low.
Flat plate collector is basically a black surface that is placed
at a convenient path of a sun.
 COMPONENTS OF SOLAR FLAT
PLATE COLLECTOR
They consistof :-
A dark flat-plate absorber.
(copper or steel)
A transparent cover that
reduces heat losses,called
GLAZING.
A heat-transport fluid to
remove heat from the
absorber (generally water)
A heat insulating backing
copper tubes
Enclosure. ( wood or metal )
Working principle
In FLAT PLATE COLLECTORS Sunlight passes through
the glazing and strikes the absorber plate, which heats up,
changing solar energy into heat energy. Thus the heat is
transferred to the fluid passing through pipes attached to the
absorber plate by means of convective heat transfer.
Absorber plates are commonly painted with"selective
coatings," which absorb and retain heat better than ordinary
black paint. Generally used coatings includes black silicon
paint, black copper, black chrome etc.
APPLICATION
Flat plate collectors have various applications:-
o Domestic applications
o Commercial applications
DOMESTIC USE
The solar water heating systems are
generally provided with auxiliary
backup in the insulated hot storage
tank for the rainy and heavily
overcast cloudy days.
Flat plate collectors mainly used in
residential buildings where the
demand for hot water has a large
impact on energy bills. This generally
means a situation with a large family,
or a situation in which the hot water
demand is excessive due to frequent
laundry washing.
Commercial applications
Commercial applications
include car washes, military
laundry facilities, swimming
pools and eating establishments
Solar water heating systems are
most likely to be cost effective
for facilities with water heating
systems that are expensive to
operate, or with operations with
large quantities of hot water like
public laundries .
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Flat plate collector:
Length x Width x Height ---------- 2444x1223x75mm
Aperture Area ----------------------- 2.8m2
Absorber ----------------------------- Copper 0.4 mm (thickness)
Copper Tubes:
9 riser tubes 10mm
2 manifold tubes 25 mm
Collector body ---------------------- Wood or Aluminium
Insulation ---------------------------- Thermocol
Cover plate or glazing:
Material ----------------------------------- Glass
Thickness ---------------------------------- 3.5mm (min)
Transmittance --------------------------- 82% (min)
Other:
Angle of inclination ---------------------- 30 to 60
Fluid Used --------------------------------- Water
 Design
A typical flat-plate
collector is a metal or
wooden box with a glass or
plastic cover (called
glazing) on top and a dark
colored absorber plate on
the bottom. Sunlight passes
through the glazing and
strikes the absorber plate,
which heats up,
changing solar energy into
heat energy.
Future scope of solar energy
Solar energy has a bright future ahead as
1. Its is present in unlimited amount,
inexpensive, clean source of
energy.
2. Many large projects are being made
using solar energy like a ship which
operates only on solar energy
called Turanor planet solar that
sailed around the globe in 584 days
at a speed of 26 Kmph
3. Theres also a plane operates on
solar energy called solar impulse
which recently traveled 40,000 Km
without the fuel.