Fig.: 7.

1
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 Fig.: 7.2
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 a b

load

deflection

c
100 N

2 mm

Fig.: 7.3
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 specimen

medium mass

Fig.: 7.4
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 specimen medium

radius of curvature r r+B

Fig.: 7.5
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 specimen medium

borehole ball

Fig.: 7.6
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 specimen 1 specimen 2
50 50
a b

residual strength (MPa)

residual strength (MPa)

40 40

30 30

20 20
1
2
10 3 10
4
0 0
0 200 400 600 0 200 400 600
100 100
c d
80 80
residual strain (%)

residual strain (%)

60 60

40 40

20 20

0 0
0 200 400 600 0 200 400 600
Fig.: 7.7 ball oversize (m) ball oversize (m)
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 20

16

12
e0 / e stored

0
1000 1200 1400 1600 1800
E (MPa)

Fig.: 7.8
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 25

20
time to fracture tB (min)

15

10

0
10 12 14 16 18 20
sB (MPa)

Fig.: 7.9
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 specimen

a0 medium

mass

Fig.: 7.10
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 -2
10
1 1 air
2 CCl 4
3 ethanol
2
-4
10
da/dt (ms-1 ) 3

-6
10

10-8
0 25.3 50.6
K I (MPamm1/2)

Fig.: 7.11
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 -3 -6
10 1.7 10
a b

-7
1.7 10

-5
10 -8
da/dt (ms-1 )

da/dt (ms-1 )
Mw1 1.7 10
Mw2
Mw3
-9
1.7 10 Mw4
10-7
-10
1.7 10
K = 1.3 MPamm1/2 K = 4.7 MPamm1/2
Iscc Iscc
K = 2.4 MPamm1/2 -11 K = 7.0 MPamm1/2
Iscc Iscc
10-9 1.7 10
2.5 5.1 7.7 10.3 3.2 9.5 15.8 22.1 28.4 34.7
K I (MPamm1/2) K I (MPamm1/2)

Fig.: 7.12
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 -9
5 10
PE-HD
water
T = 80 C
da/dt (ms-1 )

stabilizer 1

stabilizer 2
-9
1 10

-10
6 10
3.16 3.79 4.42 5.05
1/2
K I (MPamm )

Fig.: 7.13
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 -5
1.7 10

3
1.7 10-6 1 - PE-HD
da/dt (ms-1 )

2 - PE-HD + 5 vol.-% chalk

3 - PE-HD +20 vol.-% chalk
4 - PE-HD +40 vol.-% chalk

-7
1
1.7 10
2

1.7 10 -8
1.7 10-5 1.7 10-4 1.7 10-3 1.7 10 -2 1.7 10-1
J * (Nmm -1 s -1 )

Fig.: 7.14
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 100
III
sB (MPa)

II
10

I
air
isobutanol
decane
propanol
methanol
1
10-1 10 0 101 10 2 103 104 10 5
t B (min)

Fig.: 7.15
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 100

III
sB (MPa)

10 II

air
isobutanol I
decane
palatinol A
methanol
1
10-1 10 0 101 10 2 103 104 10 5
t B (min)

Fig.: 7.16
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 crack

S0
S

Fig.: 7.17
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 100
sB (MPa)

10

air
nekanil
10 Mrad, nekanil
100 Mrad, nekanil
1
10-1 10 0 101 10 2 103 104 10 5
t B (min)

Fig.: 7.18
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 4
10 b

100

B (min)
a

t Bt (min)
3
10

2
10
1 10
sB (MPa)

(dl/g)
10

increasing molecular weight

1
100 101 10 2 103 10 4
t B (min)
Fig.: 7.19
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 11
mm
1 m

Fig.: 7.20
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 100
sB (MPa)

10

PS in air
PS in methanol
sPS in methanol
1
10 -2 10-1 100 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5
t B (min)

Fig.: 7.21
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 80
air
70 propanol
isobutanol
injection molded
60
compression molded
50
sB (MPa)

40

30

20

10

0
10-2 10 -1 10 0 10 1 102 103 10 4
t B (min)

Fig.: 7.22
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 compression molded

injection molded
sB = 35 30 27 18 10 MPa sB = 47 40 25 20 15 MPa
tB = 10 25 31 60 360 s tB = 5 15 40 78 220 min

Fig.: 7.23
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 100
sB (MPa)

10

air
palatinol A (high cooling rate)
palatinol A (slow cooling rate)
1
10-1 10 0 101 10 2 103 104 10 5
t B (min)

Fig.: 7.24
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 30
H D T iB nB P C M PD E F

25

20
s1000 min (MPa)

15

10

0
10 15 20 25 30 35 40
1/2 -3/2
d (J cm )

Fig.: 7.25
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 2.8

PSU (air)
2.4

2.0
PC (air)
e c (%)

1.6
PPO (air)

1.2

0.8

0.4

0
10 20 30 40 50
1/2 -3/2
d (J cm )

Fig.: 7.26
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 1 PC
2.0 2 PSU
3 PPO
1

1.5 2
3
e c (%)

1.0

0.5

0
200 150 100 50 0 -50
Tg (C)

Fig.: 7.27
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 0.4

various fluids
various plasticizer contents
0.3
e c (%)

0.2

0.1

0
100 80 60 40 20
Tg (C)

Fig.: 7.28
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 1800
isobutanol, 100 mm min-1
1600

1400
air,
1200 1 mm min-1
1000 air, 100 mm min-1
F (N)

800
isobutanol, 1 mm min-1
600

400

200

0
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
Dl (mm)

Fig.: 7.29
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 1000
PS
SAN
PP
PVC
100
t II (min)

10

0.1
0.1 1 10 100
(mPas)

Fig.: 7.30
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 0.35

Pa
0.30

A
0.25 iB
P
m (MPa min-1 )

0.20
nB M
MEK
0.15 D PD F
0.10
H
E
0.05
L
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
1/2 -3/2
d (J cm )

Fig.: 7.31
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 0.6

0.5
25 C
(mm min-1/2 )

0.4

15 C
0.3
8 C
-1/2
Xt

0.2

0.1

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
1/2
K (MPamm )

Fig.: 7.32
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 100

III

II
sB (MPa)

10 0
sB = 40 MPa
10
t II (min)

10
-1 t II~ B 2.3 I

air
B = 2.3 mm
-2
10 B = 3.3 mm
1 B (mm) 10 B = 4.3 mm
1
10-2 10 -1 10 0 10 1 102 103 10 4
t B (min)

Fig.: 7.33
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 30
L H D T Pa iB C PD E a
25

s 1000 (MPa)
20

15

10
0 C
5 23 C
50 C
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
1.0
L H D T Pa iB C PD E b
0.8
s1000 /sy

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
1/2 -3/2
Fig.: 7.34 d (J cm )
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 fracture
-6
1.7 10

-7
1.7 10
da/dt (m s -1) T= 60 C

-8
1.7 10

1.7 10 -9 T = 25 C

1.7 10-10
KISCC = 2.5 MPamm1/2
K ISCC = 7 MPamm1/2
-11
1.7 10
2 5 10 20
K (MPamm1/2 )
Fig.: 7.35
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition
 T (C)
65 60 55 50 45 40
-1

-2
M W4
-3

-4 5 % dispersant solution
ln da/dt

-5

-6

-7 MW3

-8

-9
air
-10
2.95 3.00 3.05 3.10 3.15 3.20
1/T . 103 (K -1)

Fig.: 7.36
Chapter 7: Ramsteiner, F.: Evaluating Environmental Stress Cracking Restistance. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer
Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition