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    Vignesh
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    There are approximately 45 million blind people worldwide, with 12 million in India alone. Blindness rates are higher in developing nations, between 0.5-1% of the population, compared to 0.2% in developed countries. The major causes of childhood blindness are congenital anomalies, birth injuries, vitamin A deficiency, and injuries. Common causes of blindness in older populations include cataract, glaucoma, corneal ulcer, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. Cataracts account for 50% of worldwide blindness and are highly treatable by surgery. Other preventable or treatable causes are trachoma, glaucoma, xerophthalmia, onchocerciasis

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    Blindness

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    There are approximately 45 million blind people worldwide, with 12 million in India alone. Blindness rates are higher in developing nations, between 0.5-1% of the population, compared to 0.2% in developed countries. The major causes of childhood blindness are congenital anomalies, birth injuries, vitamin A deficiency, and injuries. Common causes of blindness in older populations include cataract, glaucoma, corneal ulcer, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. Cataracts account for 50% of worldwide blindness and are highly treatable by surgery. Other preventable or treatable causes are trachoma, glaucoma, xerophthalmia, onchocerciasis

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    15 views22 pages

    Blindness

    Uploaded by

    Vignesh
    There are approximately 45 million blind people worldwide, with 12 million in India alone. Blindness rates are higher in developing nations, between 0.5-1% of the population, compared to 0.2% in developed countries. The major causes of childhood blindness are congenital anomalies, birth injuries, vitamin A deficiency, and injuries. Common causes of blindness in older populations include cataract, glaucoma, corneal ulcer, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. Cataracts account for 50% of worldwide blindness and are highly treatable by surgery. Other preventable or treatable causes are trachoma, glaucoma, xerophthalmia, onchocerciasis

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 22

    BLINDNESS

    DR.N.RADHAKRISHNAN

    INCIDENCE OF BLINDNESS
    45 MILLIONS BLIND IN THE WORLD
    12 MILLIONS BLIND IN INDIA
    BLINDNESS-DEVELOPED NATIONS
    0.2% OF THE POPULATION
    0.5%TO 1%OF THE POPULATION IS
    BLIND IN DEVELOPING NATIONS
    definition
    Developed countries
    vision less than 6 meters
    field less than 20 degrees
    Developing countries
    vision less than 3 meters
    field less than 10 degrees
    Childhood blindness- causes
    Congenital anomalies
    Birth injuries
    Ophthalmia neonatorum
    Vitamin A defeciency
    Injuries
    Refractory error
    squint
    Causes of blindness aged
    people
    Cataract
    Glaucoma
    Corneal ulcer
    Retinitis pigmentosa
    retinal detachment
    Diabetic retinopathy
    Hypertensive retinopathy
    Macular degeneration
    Incurable blindness
    Congenital anomalies
    Degenerative diseases of retina
    Age related macular degeneration
    Treatable or preventable
    causes of blindness
    Cataract
    Trachoma
    Glaucoma
    Xerophthalmia
    Onchocerciasis
    Refractory error
    diabetic retinopathy
    Cataract

    50% of world blindness


    Curable by surgery
    Cost of surgery- Rs.Nil to Rs. 25000
    Lack of manpower to combat
    cataract blindness
    Trachoma

    5 million people are blind


    100 millions need treatment to
    prevent blindness
    Infective disease due to poor hygiene
    & poverty
    Glaucoma

    About 6 million people are blind


    Incurable but controllable to prevent
    blindness
    xerophthalmia
    O.25 to o.5 million children become
    blind every year
    Onchocerciasis

    0.25 to 0.5 million blind common in


    sub saharan africa
    Parasitic disease
    Drugs available to prevent blindness
    Refractory error
    Uncorrected refractory error in
    children will end up in functional
    blindness
    Diabetic retinopathy
    Very high incidence
    Good control of diabetes is must
    Laser therapy is very expensive
    Laser therapy wiil not improve the
    vision but may help to preserve the
    available vision

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