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An Adaptive Neural Spike Detector With Threshold - Locked Loop
An Adaptive Neural Spike Detector With Threshold - Locked Loop
Introduction
Need for neural Spike detection
Challenges of Spike detection
Threshold Locked Loop
Threshold adjustment Algorithm
Closed Loop Analysis
Implementation
References
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Introduction
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Why Spike sorting and detection is required?
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Need for neural Spike detection
Neural prosthetics and other bio implantable devices use the Brain
machine Interface technology. Electroencephalography (EEG) is a
typical example for this.
The detection of neural spike activity is a technical challenge that is
a prerequisite for studying many types of brain function. Measuring
the activity of individual neurons accurately can be difficult due to
large amounts of background noise and the difficulty in
distinguishing the action potentials of one neuron from those of
others in the local area.To extract the activity of every single firing
unit influencing that electrode, we need a process called spike
sorting which includes AP detection and classification.
The presentation discusses the challenges of measuring neural
activity and the basic issues of signal detection and classification.
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Challenges of Spike detection
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Neural Threshold detection
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Adaptive Techniques
The approach should be more adaptive compared to the
existing one
This process demands continuous user inputs to update
threshold value .System becomes slow. A straightforward
adaptive approach is necessary .
The goal is to dynamically set an optimal threshold that will
detect true spikes from clusters rejecting background noise
peaks.
This presentation presents an architecture that is able to
perform an adaptive and autonomous spike detection and
independent of changing threshold values
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Threshold Locked Loop
The Threshold Locked Loop is an example of
control system using feedback .The TLL adjusts
the detection threshold level by referencing the
feedback from the spike sorter
The thresh-hold adjustment is to increase or
decrease the threshold value by a unit step based
on feedback signal
After the feedback there is an idle time which
allows the threshold value change to take place
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Functioning of Locked Loop
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Loop Performance Measurement
Loop performance is measured by the percentage of true spike
occurences in all detected spikes within a time period. The
detected spike result is put into the FIFO register.The threshold
is re-computed once the FIFO register is completely filled up.
Better the true spike detection better is the performance
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Threshold adjustment algorithm
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Closed loop Analysis
SIMULATION SETUP
For better analysis of the closed loop performance ,we
developed an ideal spike sorting model.
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Contd..
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Simulation Results
Relationship between performance and threshold step
Fig.8- 19
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Contd..
The adder tree is mostly power gated and is powered only when
threshold recomputation is required.
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Conclusion.
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References
1: M. S. Lewicki, A review of methods for spike sorting: the detection and
classification of neural action potentials. Network: Comp. Neural Syst.9(4)53-78,
1998.
2: I. Obeid, P. D. Wolf. Evaluation of spike-detection algorithms for a
brain-machine interface application, in IEEE Transactions on
3 : L. S. Smith, Testing spike detection and sorting algorithms using
synthesized noisy spike trains, Neuro-IT workshop on Interoperability of
Simulators, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 2006.
4 : :An Adaptive Neural Spike Detector with Threshold-Lock Loop, Chung- Ching
Peng, Pawan Sabharwal, Rizwan Bashirullah
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Thank you
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