A MOVING TOWER

CASE STUDY

SKAA 3243 THEORY OF STRUCTURES

Members
Ahmad Bazli Bin Sahir

Amirul Bin Azmay

Auzaie Alif Bin Abdul Latip

Desmond Tong You Sheng

 STEP FOR
INVESTIGATION
Step for Investigation
We first decide to get the towers information from the consultant company
who are responsible to design the tower.

We decide to meet the contractor company who are being assign to build
the tower.

We as team went to the site which where the tower located.

We decided to went to the geotechnics company that had been assign to

analyse the soil underneath the tower.
POSSIBLE REASONS
#Geotechnical #Environmental #Structural #Others
Geotechnical factors
Presence of peat soil High compressibility, low shear strength and low
permeability

Improper stabilization of peat soil addition of cement & pre-loading

Improper compaction of soil before construction presence of air voids

causes settlement
Environmental factors
Action of land breeze and sea breeze wind load

Chemical attack / Erosion presence of sulphide and chloride from seawater

attacking steel strucnture and foundation
Structural factors
No proper lateral support provided

Wind load not considered during the calculation of design load

Improper assignment
2EI of column of different stiffness EI
(EI) as the support of the
tower
Other factors
Sulphate Resisting Portland Cement is not used for the construction of
reinforced concrete pile foundation prone to chemical attack and erosion

Movement of water table due to the tidal action of sea more chance for
water to get in contact with foundation

Steel used for construction might be stolen

 TO WHAT EXTENT THE
LOCATION EFFECT THE
SWAYING OF STRUCTURE
To what extent the location effect
the swaying of structure.
Structures located in coastal areas but away from the sea:

Though these structures are not exposed to direct severe exposure condition,

the atmosphere with high chloride content may cause severe exposure

condition.
To what extent the location effect
the swaying of structure.
The location might be cause by:

1. Chloride Attack:

These chemical attacks create severe exposure condition for concrete

structures and threatens durability.
To what extent the location effect
the swaying of structure.
2. Wind Load:

Wind gusts cause fluctuating forces on the structure which induce large
dynamic motions. Static wind effect primarily causes elastic bending and
twisting of structure

3. Soil structure:

High contamination of air void can lead settlement of the soil.

POSSIBLE SOLUTION
STRENGTHENING METHOD
Cross
Bracing
Bracing is to resist
horizontal forces such as
wind, crane longitudinal
surge and earthquake

Steel bracing is
economical, easy to
erect, occupies less
space and has flexibility
to design.

This method of
construction is to
maximize the weight of
the load a structure is
able to support.
Damper
Damper is a device
mounted in
structures to reduce
the amplitude of
mechanical
vibrations.

Damper can tuned

to a certain
buildings frequency
to work efficient and
effectively.

Fluid or pendulums.
URETEK Ground Improvement
Method
URETEK is a technique to improve and stabilize the ground directly under the
foundation without excavation, vibrations or other disturbances.

The method uses geopolymer which is injected deep into the ground,
surrounding ground become denser and thus prevents the structures from
subsiding and settling.

The advantage is do not dissolve in water or give extra load to the ground.
Thank You