OPERATION ON MILLING MACHINE

SIDE MILLING
SIDE MILLING DEFINED:

 Milling with a side-milling cutter to machine

one vertical surface.

 This operation is the machining of vertical

surfaces, or surfaces at right angles to the
axis of the milling cutter.
SIDE MILLING
CUTTING TOOLS USED IN SIDE MILLING

 SIDE AND FACE CUTTER

Side and face cutters are much narrower
and usually a larger diameter than slab mills.
They are designed also to cut on the side of
the cutter and employ a side clearance .
Side and face cutters are used to machine
vertical slots and faces (when used on a
horizontal mill).
CUTTING TOOLS USED IN SIDE MILLING

SIDE AND FACE CUTTER

CUTTING TOOLS USED IN SIDE MILLING

 ENDMILLS
An end mill, like a side and face cutter can
perform both peripheral and face milling.
an end mill may be considered a side and face
cutter of relatively small diameter with a high
width to diameter ratio. Due to the shank the end
mill may only cut on one end face. The end teeth
of an end mill do not cut across the full diameter
of the face therefore an end mill should not be
fed axially into the workpiece.
CUTTING TOOLS USED IN SIDE MILLING

ENDMILL
CUTTING TOOLS USED IN SIDE MILLING

PARTS OF ENDMILL
SELECTING PROPER SPEED

The formula for calculating spindle speed in

revolutions per minute is as follows:
RPM = CSx4/D
Where :
RPM = Spindle speed (in revolutions per
minute).
CS = cutting speed of milling cutter (in SFPM)
D = diameter of milling cutter (in inches)
SELECTING PROPER SPEED

 For example, the spindle speed for machining

a piece of steel at a speed of 35 SFPM with a
cutter 2 inches in diameter is calculated as
follows:
RPM = CSx4/D
= 35×4/2
= 70 RPM
SPEED AND FEED RATE
SPEED AND FEED RATE
SPEED AND FEED RATE
COOLANTS
SELECTION OF COOLANTS

 The major advantage of using a coolant or

cutting oil is that it dissipates heat, giving
longer life to the cutting edges of the teeth.
The oil also lubricates the cutter face and
flushes away the chips, consequently
reducing the possibility of marring the finish.
TYPES OF COOLANTS

 Water-Soluble Oils
Water-soluble oils combine oil with
emulsifiers and performance additives to
create an oil-based coolant concentrate
designed to be diluted with water.
TYPES OF COOLANTS

 WATER SOLUBLE OIL

These coolants provide the lubricity of
straight oil with the cooling and flushing
abilities of water. Water-soluble oils are
compatible with virtually all types of metal
and their unbeatable corrosion protection
safeguards valuable parts and expensive
machinery.
TYPES OF COOLANTS

 LARD OIL
Lard oil is the clear, colourless oil pressed
from pure lard after it has been crystallized, or
grained, at 7° C (45° F). It is used as a lubricant,
in cutting oils, and in soap manufacture. The
solid residue, lard stearin, is used in
shortenings and as a source of saturated fatty
acids
TYPES OF COOLANTS

 MINERAL OIL
Mineral oil is used in a variety of
industrial/mechanical capacities as a non-
conductive coolant or thermal fluid in electric
components as it does not conduct
electricity, while simultaneously functioning
to displace air and water.
TYPES OF COOLANTS

 MINERAL OIL
Some examples are in transformers where
it is known as transformer oil, and in high
voltage switchgear where mineral oil as an
insulator and as a coolant to disperse
switching arcs.  Thedielectric constant of
mineral oil ranges from 2.3 at 50 °C to 2.3 at
200 °C.
SIDE MILLING WITH COOLANT