The Translation of Personal Pronouns in

Arabic, English, and Indonesian

Language

Mohammad Rokib
Jurusan Bahasa Indonesia, Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni,
Universitas Negeri Surabaya
Background

The translation is the disclosure of a meaning

that is communicated in the source language into
the target language within the meaning
contained in the source language
The perspective makes the translation of a
phenomenon that is not simple
The translation itself is not just a message but
also the transfer over linguistic and cultural
forms
Background
Previous studies have portrayed personal pronouns in a
particular languages as a single language study.
In the Banyuwangi speech, various forms of person pronoun
used for the difference purposes depending to the speech
context (Suyitno, 2017). The dynamic and interactive uses of
personal pronouns are also different with traditional
grammar as happened in Mandarin Chinese language (Chi-
hua, 2011). Other close studies on personal pronouns are
also explored in old Javanese (Uhlenbeck, 1968), Korean
(Chul-Kyu, 2009), German (Polome, 1999), and English
(Kitagawa, 1990).
However, study on comparative personal pronouns in
Arabic, English, and Indonesia has lack of attention.
Background

This paper specifies the difference pronoun in

Arabic, English and Indonesian.
The difference in the personal pronouns have a
significant difference between the three languages
as Arabic-personal pronoun will affect future verb
which is also influenced by gender and number.
Whereas in English and Indonesia does not affect
the verb and is not affected by gender.
Results

In Arabic, the personal pronouns have an effect on

the verb in the first word and the final word on the
verb. The effect includes gender that includes men,
women and public and quantity which consists of a
number of single, dual and plural (table 1).
Results
Results

The personal pronouns in English only influenced by

any amount which the third person singular pronoun
use s/es. Table 2 shows this influence.
Result
Table 2

Singular Plural

I Work/ worked we Work/ worked

You Work/ worked you Work/ worked

She Works/ worked they Work/ worked

He Works/ worked

It Works/ worked
Result

Similarly, personal pronouns in Indonesian language is

not influence significatly to the next words either
verbs or nouns in a sentence. The table 3 shows the
defferences.
Result
Table 3
Meaning

Singular Plural

1st person saya, aku, -ku Saya bekerja Kami/ Kami bekerja
kita
2nd person engkau, Engkau kalian, Kalian bekerja
kamu, anda, bekerja kamu, anda
dikau, -mu sekalian,
kamu sekalian

3rd person dia, ia, Dia bekerja

beliau,-nya
Discussion

From the personal pronoun, there are obvious

differences in the structure of the grammar of
the Arabic, English and Indonesian that affects
the results of each language translation.
Discussion

Mereka tidak takut pada pisau saya.
Kebenaran saya itulah yang menakutkan
mereka.
They do not fear the knife but my truth
frightens them.
Discussion

Mereka tidak takut pada pisau saya.
Kebenaran saya itulah yang menakutkan
mereka.
They do not fear the knife but my truth
frightens them.
Discussion

Mereka akan datang menjemput saya pukul
enam malam ini.
They are coming to take me at six oclock
this evening.
Concluding Remarks

The structure of the grammar of each language

have different in the pattern and form in
translation.
In Arabic, the personal pronouns affect verb and
also differentiated gender and quantity.
But the difference between the personal pronoun
in Arabic into English or Indonesian less attention,
so that there is often a confusion or lack of clarity
when reading the translation English and
Indonesian.