Introduction
According to the latest technologies in wireless communication,
5G is the most recent technology. As the number of users have
increased the demand for development of latest technology
also increased. Currently we are using 4G technology, but we
will upgrade to 5G by 2020. As compared to 4G, it will have ten
times more speed and large number of users. However, the
definition of 5G is not clear yet, as it will combine different
technologies like radio access, massive multiple input multiple
output, decoupled signal detection etc. [1]. The new
technologies are being investigated such as RAT (Radio Access
technology) will be introduced to provide high speed, spectral
efficiency, energy efficiency and pseudo outdoor
communication that will solve the problem of current mobile
communication. The implementation of 5G in mobile
communication will become a revolution in communication
technology
There are various challenges in developing 5G. Among them one
main challenge is to develop a technique which can be used in
the limited amount of frequency. As there is a fixed range of
frequency allotted to wireless communication. It is a challenging
task to develop technology which will efficiently utilize this
range. Thus, the purpose of this poster presentation is to
design a 5G network with the help of different techniques like
radio access technology, massive MIMO, decoupled signal
detection to make use of available frequencies efficiently. We
will review the design of centralized antenna system where
large number of users will be separated based on their data
requirement with the help of massive MIMO and decoupled
signal detection
Main challenges in 5G Network
Figure 1 shows new spectrum of 5G in which available
frequencies are used efficiently as compared to existing
spectrum in 4G [13].
DSD
In 5G there will be users with different requirements of data. All the
signals received at base station are needed to be separated based on
the demand of user. Hence, we have proposed a technique to
separate signals received at base station called decoupled signal
detection. Decoupled signal detection (DSD) decomposes signal into
different classes of signals based on data requirement, so that users
with same data requirement have same class. Applying this
technique, we can separate signals at base station. This results in
greater speed of transmission and better use of available frequency.
DSD makes processing of signals cost effective [11]. Technique used
in detection algorithm is Block Diagonalization (BD). In downlink it
does not require pre-coding transmit side. The receiver only needs to
know the channels between users and receive antennas.
DSD
RADIO ACCESS MASSIVE MIMO
TECHNOLOGY
5G NETWORK
Figure 2 shows the design of 5G network using the RATs, DSD, MIMO
Radio access technology
We can make use of this technology at different layers of the
communication system. There are seven layers of the communication
system as Physical, Data-ink layer, Network layer, Transport layer,
session layer, presentation layer and application layer. For wireless
communication we can make changes in the upper layers that are
layered above physical and data link layers. The bottom two layers
will not be changed as they form basic of the communication system.
In the network layer internet is used for services. All the applications
of wireless communication are designed to operate in this layer [10].
We can create radio wave tunnels between two users for
communication. This will help to implement DSD in MIMO. It will
increase speed of communication. One more important concept is
cognitive radio, in which intelligence is added to network. In this a
network makes decisions based on observation of different
parameters of surrounding [1].
The radio access technologies belong to the transport stratum
regarding the Next Generation Networks approach. In the proposed
design the user terminal has possibility to change the Radio Access
Technology.
Figure 3 describes about the phenomenon of massive MIMO at
base station in 5G network.
Massive MIMO
Large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, also
known as massive MIMO, are a promising technology which use
many antennas to serve a high number of user terminals at the
same time without requiring extra bandwidth resources [26]. This
new greater scale version of traditional MIMO systems, where a
restricted number of antennas is used, is designed to exploit the
benefits of extra degrees of freedom obtained using more
antennas [7]. Massive MIMO can increase the spectral efficiency 10
times or more when compared with its predecessor [8]. The main
advantage of using massive MIMO over single input single output
is large number of signal can be transmitted at the same time.
In traditional MIMO the type of multiplexing used was Frequency
Division Duplexing (FDD) as it has only eight antenna ports at the
base station. But this not feasible in massive MIMO because it has
hundreds of antennas at base station. So, the type of multiplexing
used is Time Division Duplexing (TDD) as the users estimation is
proportional to the number of antenna ports at the base station.
By means of Time Division Duplexing (TDD) mode we can acquire
the reciprocity between the uplink and downlink channels can be
obtained, if we use appropriate calibration techniques to
combat the distortions induced by hardware imperfections,
since the base station can offer more processing resources
aimed at estimating the channel between users terminals and
the base station. For example, suppose that we have a city
with a high density of users or devices in the center of a cell
and sparsely distributed users or devices in the remaining part
of the cell. In this case, we could use a number of centralized
antennas to deal with the high density of users and distributed
antennas to serve the remaining devices. MIMO make use of
DSD to design centralized base station.
Conclusion
The main challenge in 5G is to improve quality of communication
system and to reduce the cost of wireless communication. So that
number of customers who will be added to the wireless
communication system will experience better quality and cost-
effective services. In the proposed architecture of 5G. DSD is used
to separate signals in massive MIMO at the centralized base
station. Radio access technology is used to make radio wave
tunnels for different classes of users. This separation will help to
detect signals in DSD. Which will result in designing MIMO [10].
There are some issues like designing a centralized base station for
collection of signals from various users, separation of signals
based on data requirement. By what means to separate bottom
two layers from above layers to implement radio access
technology in communication system. In what manner to develop
a control system which will direct router. Which is the best
algorithm for DSD? In what way to make end nodes smart? Which
algorithms can be developed to apply radio access technology in
different layers of communication system need to be addressed?
As we know there is tremendous competition among service
provider companies to achieve this goal. The research in these
areas is going on very high pace.
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