HURRICANE &

TROPICAL STORM
CARRIBEAN, MEXICO
THNH VIN

NINH QUC KHOA

PHM TUN THNH
INH GIA LIM
NG V BO
H MINH C
 MC LC
1) iu kin hnh thnh bo
2) Cu trc ca bo
3) Thi tit trong bo - p sut, gi, sng bin, sng lng, ging thy, my,
tm nhn xa
4) Qu o di chuyn ca bo
M RNG:
1) Xc nh v tr tu so vi bo - Bn vng hng hi - Bn vng nguy him
2) ng i ca nhng cn bao tng i qua (2010-2017) - Thng k ra v
ch ng i
3) Cc t tn no - Tn a phng, tn quc t - Xc nh tn bo sp ti
l g
IU KIN HNH THNH BO
nh ngha v bo
Bo l mt xoy thun nhit i c cu trc bi khi kh nng m
vi dng thng rt mnh xung quanh mt bo, to h thng my,
ma xoy vo vng trung tm bo
Vng gi xoy thun c ng knh hng trm km v hnh thnh trn
vng bin nhit i bc bn cu
iu kin hnh thnh bo

Nhit m

ng lc
to xoy
XC NH V TR TU SO VI BO
Nhn bit s xut hin ca bo
Theo kinh nghim dn gian:
Bu tri lng gi khong 3 ngy, sau xut
hin my tch v hi t v hng chn tri, gi
tan dn, radio b nhiu, chp hng ng nam
lin tc, kh p lin tc gim
Nhn hng di chuyn ca cc loi ng vt
Xc nh tm bo v hng di chuyn ca bo
TH1: Trn tu c y trang thit b hang hi v phng tin thng
tin, th cch xc nh v tr tu thuyn trong bo theo cc bc sau:
Trong ma ma bo thng xuyn cp nht tin tc v bo( Kinh ,
v) ca tm bo
Thao tc hi xc nh c v tr tm bo trn hi
Xc nh c hng di chuyn ca bo
Da vo my nh v trn tu
 TH2: Tu khng nh v, hi m ch c la bn, khi nghe c thng
tin bo bo ta xc nh v tr tu nh sau:
Ta da vo la bn, cc hn trn bin xc nh v tr tu bit c
hng iu tu vo ni tr n an ton
Lin h vi cc tu trong khu vc nm thng tin, cng phi hp iu
tu ra khi vng nguy him ( Ch trng cc tu c nh v, hi )
Treo vi la trn im cao nht ca tubin tu
BN VNG NGUY HIM V BN VNG HNG HI
 Cu trc ca bo
1) Mt bo (Eye)
2) Thnh mt bo (Eyewall)
3) Di my ma xon
(Spiral rainbands)
Mt bo
ng knh khong 30-60km.
trong khu vc mt bo, gi
v ma t ngt dng hn, tri
quang my tnh.
Khi bo i qua, ma xut hin
li t ngt nhng vi hng
ngc li.
 Thnh mt bo
l tng my dy xung quanh mt bo
gm cc m my dng pht trin ln rt
cao.
i vo khu vc ny tc gi tng ln
t ngt v t gi tr mnh nht trong
bo.
Mt bo c th to ra, thu hp li hay nhn
i ln v c th to nn nhiu vng thnh
mt bo.
S bin i ca mt bo v thnh mt bo
gy nn cc bin i v tc gi v
cng bo.
Di my ma xon
Ngc chiu kim ng h.
Cc di my ny c to thnh t
nhiu khi my i lu pht trin
mnh.
Cc di my c lin kt cht ch vi
nhau, c sp xp, t chc.
 Cng bo
+ Cp 1: Gi rt nguy him s gy ra mt s h hi. 119-153 km/h
(64-82 KN).
+ Cp 2: Gi cc k nguy him s gy ra thit hi ln. 154=177 km/h
(83-95 KN).
+ Cp 3: S gy ra tn ph: 178-208 km/h (96-112 KN).
+ Cp 4: S gy ra thit hi nghim trng. 209-251 km/h (113-136
KN).
+ Cp 5: S gy ra thit hi nghim trng. 252 km/h hoc ln hn (137
KN or higher).
 Kch thc bo
Ty thuc vo nhng cn bo m c
kch thc khc nhau. Bo Harvey
Khng hn bo cng ln th cng
bo cng nh. Bo Andrew (1992)
mnh cp 5 c kch thc kh nh
nhng sc tn ph rt ln. Ngc li
bo Harvey va mnh va c kch
thc ln.
 Tc v ng i
Ph thuc vo s tng tc phc tp
gia bo vi s lu thng bn trong
ca kh quyn ca tri t.
H thng p sut cao hay thp c th
thay i ng k tc v ng i
ca bo.
Harvey Thng i c qung ng t 25-
30km trong 1 gi. S c nhng cn
bo i vi tc tht thng.
Bo Ernesto (2006)
 V tr nguy him
Theo nguyn tc chung, pha bn phi ca cn
bo (v tr tng i so vi hng i ca n) l
phn nguy him nht ca cn bo v tc ng
ph ca tc gi bo v tc dng chy kh
quyn ln hn, lc xoy cng ph bin hn
y. Nhn vo hnh trn, gi s bn ang ng
ng sau cn bo vi lung li pha sau. Trong
trng hp ny, pha bn phi l phn pha
ng ca cn bo. (Nu n i t ng sang ty,
pha bn phi s l phn pha bc.) Cc cn
gi quanh mt bo ang di chuyn theo kiu
ngc chiu kim ng h. Ti im A, gi bo
gn nh ph hp vi hng gi li, thm vo
tc ca gi. Chng hn, nu cc lung li l
30km/h v gi bo trung bnh l 100km/h, tc
gi s l 130km/h ti im A. Mt khc,
lung gi im B ang di chuyn ngc vi
hng gi v do chm n 70kmh (100-
30km/h).
 Thi tit trong bo
Khu vc vng ngoi Khu vc gi ln Khu vc xoy Khu vc mt bo

Kh p Bt u h t t nhng vn bin Kh p h xung r rt, 3hPa/h, Kh p gim d di, c khi Kh p khng h na, c 3 ng
thin theo ngy mt bin thin theo ngy 20hPa/h nh, kh p rt thp, hu ht cc
cn bo ch c kh p chng
999~940hPa, thp nht l
877hPa

Sng Sng do gi khng ln Sng do gi Sng bin cung cung Sng t cc hng v hnh
thnh cc sng tam gic, v
cng nguy him
Sng lng Khng ln Khng ln

Gi Di cp 2 Cp 3-4 Trn cp 4, sng gi d di, sc Yu

gi khng i xng, bn vng
bn tri nh hn bn vng bn
phi

My My ti hnh ui nga man theo My tch v, tng v dy c, My tch v y tri, dy c, Bu tri trong sng, ch c vi
nhiu hng, c qung mt tri pha di my c nhng mng chn my thp cch bin tm mng my v hoc my mng
hoc mt trng, bui sng, my nh en kt bay qua vi trm mt
chiu c th nhn thy rng
hoc tm

Tm nhn xa
Ging thy
 CACH T TN CHO BAO
1.Lich s t tn cho bao
Trc kia, bo c t tn theo ng kinh-v tuyn m chng i qua.

Nm 1950, C quan Kh tng Hoa K pht trin mt h thng t tn bo

theo bng ch ci (nh Able, Baker, Charlie)

n nm 1953 h thng ny c thay i v cc cn bo s c t theo tn

ph n.

Nm 1979, h thng ny li thay i ln na, cc cn bo c theo tn ca c

ph n v n ng
2. cach t tn bao
Da trn mt h thng chn tn quc t do T
chc Kh tng th gii (WMO) Mi nm WMO
s dng danh sch gm 21 tn gi thng dng
(xp theo th t abc v b 5 mu t q, u, x, y v
z)
2. cach t tn bao

Mi i dng ln trn th gii s c cc danh sch tn

bo cho ring mnh. Hin nay, i Ty Dng c 6 danh
sch tn bo v s c quay vng.

Tuy nhin cng c ngoi l. Nhng cn bo no gy ra

thit hi nghim trng s khng c ti s dng v
nhng l do lin quan n lut php v lch s.
 Nh vy mi nm s c mt danh sch gm 21 tn
v nm sau li mt danh sch 21 tn khc

Nhng nu c nm xy ra nhiu hn 21cn bo. Khi ,

tn ca nhng cn bo t 21 tr i s c tn theo
bng ch ci Hy Lap.
 Qu o di chuyn ca
bao bin caribe-mexico

ng i ca bao nhit i 1851-2012

Ch thch
C kh nng
Nhiu kh nng
Nhiu kh nng nht
Thng 6
Thng 7
Thng 8
Thng 9
Thng 10
Thng 11
 Thang bo Saffir-Simpson

Cp Sc gi Sng cn

mph ft
(km/h) (m)

156 >18
5
(250) (>5.5)

131155 1318
4
(210249) (4.05.5)

111130 912
3
(178209) (2.73.7)

96110 68
2
(154177) (1.82.4)

7495 45
1
(119153) (1.21.5)

Phn loi b sung

3973 03
Bo nhit i
(63117) (00.9)

038 0
p thp nhit i
(062) (0)
2010
ALEX
PAULA
HERMINE
MATTHEW
RICHARD
2011
2011
ARLENE
DON
HARVEY
NATE
2012- Ernesto
2012-HELENE
2013-Barry
2013 -INGRID
2014-DOLLy
2014 - HANA
2015
2016-COLIN
2016-DANIELLE
2016-EARL
2016-HERMINE
2017-CINDY
2017-FRANKLIN
2017-HARVEY
2017-KATINA
2017-NATE
210