Compartemen

Syndrome

NUR ASIAH MUSTARI

 Compartment syndrome is a condition an increase pressure
interstitial in room that limited. This increase in intra
compartment will result less perfusion network and oxygen
pressure so that circulation disorders and network
functions in room .
In America anterior distal lower extremities is The most
widely studied for compartment syndrome and is
considered as the second most frequent to trauma about 2-
12%.
The location can experience compartment syndrome has
been found in the hands, forearms, upper arms, abdomen,
buttocks, and the entire lower extremity.
 B. DEFINITION

Compartment syndrome is a condition where an increase in

interstitial pressure within a limited space, which is in a
closed compartment osteofasial. The room contains the
muscles, nerves and blood vessels. When
intrakompartemen pressure increases, blood perfusion to
the tissue will decrease and the muscles in the
compartment will be ischemic.
Ekstremitas inferior
 Increased accumulation of fluid in the
compartment space.
Refinement compartment space
pressure from the outside
 Compartment syndrome is preceded by a
number of conditions such as fractures,
injury to blood vessels.
causing bleeding and edema in a muscle
compartment that is covered by the fascia
that are not able to stretch. Increased
pressure in the compartment produces
compartment tamponade.
If the pressure is increased continuously in a
few hours there will be a malfunction of
muscle tissue and nerves.
F. CLINICAL SYMPTOMS
Compartment syndrome has a typical clinical
symptoms known as "6P's.
1. Pain.
2. Pallor.
3. Parasthesia.
4. Paresis.
5. Pulse present .
6. Pink color
G. DIAGNOSIS
Anamnesis
- Painful
- Parastesi
- history of trauma
physical examination
- Inspection : In the inspection can be found in the diseased
area looks swollen, the skin looks pink and patient looked in
pain.
- Palpasi : palpation obtained some typical signs of
compartment syndrome: pain, pulse
H. EXAMINATION SUPPORT
X-Ray : to see no fracture
Arteriografi : to see arterial injury
compartment pressure measure : is the gold
standard for diagnosis of compartment
syndrome.
I. MANAGEMENT

Therapy : reduce neurological function deficits

by first restoring local blood flow, usually by
surgical decompression.
Operative : Indication for operative treatment
for compartment syndrome is if
intrakompartemen pressure> 30 mmHg and
requires prompt and immediate action to do
Fasciotomy.
 Kontraktur Volkmann
Sindroma Crush
 Claudikasio Intermitten
Trombosis Vena
Fractur Stress
Entrapment Neuropathies
 Acute compartment syndrome tend to have
an end result that is ugly, muscle tolerance
to ischemia is 4 hours. Irreversible damage
occurs when more than 8 hours.