The Tughlaq dynasty ruled India from 1320 to 1413 CE. It was a Muslim dynasty of Turkic origin that reached its peak under Muhammad bin Tughlaq from 1330 to 1335 CE. However, his rule was marked by torture, cruelty, and rebellions. Muhammad bin Tughlaq was a learned scholar but lacked political judgment. His failed schemes and reforms, such as changing the currency and imposing high taxes during a famine, led to widespread revolts and the rapid decline of the dynasty's power after 1335 CE.
The Tughlaq dynasty ruled India from 1320 to 1413 CE. It was a Muslim dynasty of Turkic origin that reached its peak under Muhammad bin Tughlaq from 1330 to 1335 CE. However, his rule was marked by torture, cruelty, and rebellions. Muhammad bin Tughlaq was a learned scholar but lacked political judgment. His failed schemes and reforms, such as changing the currency and imposing high taxes during a famine, led to widespread revolts and the rapid decline of the dynasty's power after 1335 CE.
The Tughlaq dynasty ruled India from 1320 to 1413 CE. It was a Muslim dynasty of Turkic origin that reached its peak under Muhammad bin Tughlaq from 1330 to 1335 CE. However, his rule was marked by torture, cruelty, and rebellions. Muhammad bin Tughlaq was a learned scholar but lacked political judgment. His failed schemes and reforms, such as changing the currency and imposing high taxes during a famine, led to widespread revolts and the rapid decline of the dynasty's power after 1335 CE.
of the most ruthless and tyrannical dynasties in history. Introduction The Tughlaqs were a Muslim family of Turkic origin. The dynasty reached its zenith point between AD 1330 and 1335 when Muhammad Bin Tughlaq led military campaign. Its rule was marked by torture, cruelty and rebellions, resulting in the rapid disintegration of the dynasty's territorial reach after 1335 AD. The Tughlaq's provided three competent rulers - Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq, Muhammad-bin- Tughluq and Firuz Shah Tughluq. Mohammad Bin Tughlaq Jauna Khan succeeded his father in AD 1325 under the title of Muhammad- bin-Tughlaq. He was the most learned scholars of his time. He knew both Arabic and Persian and had comprehensive knowledge of philosophy, astronomy, logic, mathematics and physical science. The Sultan maintained good relation with foreigners and received an envoy from the Chinese ruler. Ibn Batutah was a traveller from Morocco. He came to India in 1333 and was appointed as the chief Qazi of Delhi by Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq. He has left an invaluable account of Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq's reign. The failure of the schemes of the Sultan caused a crisis in the empire. The political stability and Mohammad Bin Tughlaq economic prosperity of the empire began to disintegrate. Revolts broke out throughout the country. Schemes & Reforms Sultan lacked political judgement and common sense and, rather obsessed with his theoretical knowledge, indulged in lofty theories and visionary projects, which failed. He ordered the coins to be minted in bronze instead of silver and fixed the value of the new bronze coins at par with the silver tanka. He raised the land revenue and imposed many other taxes. Instead of actual produce- standard yield was taken into account based on the officially assumed prices. Unfortunately, the rain failed and there was a terrible famine in the country. The taxes were collected rigorously and soon the peasants Coins revolted. He created an agricultural department, "Diwan-i- Kohi" to bring barren land under cultivation. Agricultural loans were advanced to dig wells and to buy seed and implements. Bibliography http://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/delhi-sultanate-under- tughlaq-dynasty-a-complete-overview-1491890278-1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tughlaq_dynasty