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Ceramah Bahagian B 2012
Ceramah Bahagian B 2012
SCIENCE
Pelajar
CEMERLANG
tetapi masih
BELUM
CEMERLANG
SCIENCE 2012
Section A Section B
30 Question 20 question
45 minutes 30 minutes
1 question = 1 question =
1 minutes 30 seconds 1 minutes 30 seconds
PEMBOLEHUBAH
KESIMPULAN / HUBUNGAN
POLA / CORAK
RAMALAN
TAJUK / TUJUAN
C1
General Reason
C2
Spesific Reason
Making Inferences
C3
Another Obsevation
C4
Common Prediction
C5
Making Prediction
Extrapolation Predictioan
C6
Aim / Purpose
Bahagian B
C7
Trend / Pattern
C8
Relationship
Interpriting Data
C9
Conclusion
C10
Information Gathered
C11
Things to Change
C12
Thing to Observe
Controlling Variable
C13
common
C15
Prinsiple
Making Hypothesis
Variable
Pembolehubah
SAIZ
JENIS
BERAT
KETEBALAN ?
WARNA
PARAMETER
SAIZ
JENIS
bilangan
bentuk
kuantiti
isipadu
masa
berat
keadaan
panjang
warna
tempat
jarak
ketebalan
CARI LATIHAN
PARAMETER
Pembolehubah
To Change/ To Observe/
Manipulasi Bergerakbalas
TUKAR LIHAT
serupa /
tidak berubah
PM PB PB
Kelajuan m/s
Jarak objek dari lampu Saiz bayang pada
suluh (cm) skin (cm)
60
100 4
50
80 6
40
60 8
30
40 10
20
20 12
10
PM
2 4 6 8 10 12
Yang berubah / dimanipulasi: Jarak objek dari lampu
Bilangan sel kering
suluh
Dimanipulasi : Bilangan sel kering
Yang diperhati / bergerakbalas: saiz bayang pada skrin
(cm) Bergerakbalas : Kelajuan m/s
PM
Bilangan Daun 4 6 8
PB
PM PB
6 5
8 7
10 9
PB
Speed of
car
Number of battery
PM
Variable
Pembolehubah
Amount of water
that has been 40 Quantity Of Size of plant
absorbed 35 Water ( ml) (cm)
(ml) 30
25 25 15
20 30 25
15
10 35 35
5 40 45
0
X Y Z cloth 45 55
CARI Pembolehubah -- OPP
Rajah 21 menunjukkan dua tumbuhan yang serupa selepas dua minggu
tumbuh. Pokok P telah disiram setiap hari, manakala Pokok Q disiram 2
hari sekali.
P Q
1. Cari OBJEK yang terlibat
2. Pilih PARAMETER
3. PEMBOLEH UBAH
- TUKAR? = WTC = ..... ?
- LIHAT ? = WTO = .. ?
Variable
Pembolehubah
X Y
Masa diambil : 5 jam Masa Diambil: 1 jam
MENAIK
MENURUN
SAMA
Pattern / Trend
Pola / Corak
Increase
( Menaik // bertambah // meningkat)
CONTOH:
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ATAU
Decrease
Berkurang // Menurun
CONTOH:
10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5 ATAU
same
( jika nombor tidak berubah-ubah )
CONTOH:
3, 3, 3, 3, 3 ATAU
1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 6, 7,
Pattern / Trend
Pola / Corak
TO
Speed/m/s
60
50
40
30
20
10
2 4 6 8 10 12
BERUBAH -PM
DIUKUR - PB
1. SEMAKIN SEMAKIN.
Conclusion / hypothesis / Relationship
Kesimpulan / Hipotesis / Hubungan
What is the hypothesis that can you make from this investigation ?
Kuantiti Air( g ) 15 19 23 27 31 35 39 43
Saiz Tumbuhan( cm ) 10 12 15 19 24 30 37 45
Semakin . ., semakin
pola PM pola PB
Semakin . ., semakin
pola PM pola PB
Aim // purpose
Tujuan // Tajuk Penyiasatan
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Untuk Menyiasat Hubungan diantara PM Dan PB
Quantity of water ( g ) 15 19 23 27 31 35 39 43
Size of plant ( cm ) 10 12 15 19 24 30 37 45
95
.......................................................................
Predict
Ramalan
+4 20
Kuantiti Baja ( g ) 10 14 18 22 26 30 34 38
Berat Buah( g ) 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85
40
+ 10
40
.......................................................................
Predict
Ramalan
Kuantiti Air ( ml ) 15 19 23 27 31 35 39 43
Saiz pokok ( cm ) 10 12 15 19 24 30 37 45
PEMERHATIAN
Observe // Observation
Pemerhatian
= LIHAT
= jadual / graf / rajah / gambar / soalan
= Perubahan / perbezaan
Hasil eksperimen [ selepas eksperimen dijalankan ]
Pembolehubah bergerakbalas / WTO
2 kg 5 kg 8 kg
Diagram above shown three types of birds with their quantity of food needed per month
What can you say about the plant in this experiment ? ( Obsevation )
..
The diagram below shows two different types of transport X and Y to
travel from Kuala Terengganu to Kuala Lumpur.
X Y
Time taken : 6 hours Time taken : 1 hour
What can do you observe about the difference of time taken by transport X and Y?
.
net cardboard
Food and
water
Cage R Cage S
What can you say about the mouse in cage R and cage S after 3 days ? ( Obsevation )
Inference // Reason
Sebab = menyatakan sebab / alasan terhadap apa yang berlaku pada
pemerhatian.
a. What can you say about the plant in this experiment ? ( Obsevation )
Plant x is small, plant y is big // Plant X is smaller than Plant Y
2 kg 5 kg 8 kg
Diagram above shown three types of birds with their quantity of food needed per month
a. What can you say about the plant in this experiment ? ( Obsevation )
Angsa eat more food than other birds
b. Give one reason refer to your answer in (a)
.
Inference // Reason
Sebab = menyatakan sebab / alasan terhadap apa yang berlaku pada
pemerhatian.
net cardboard
Food and
water
Cage R Cage S
What can you say about the mouse in cage R and cage S after 3 days ? (Observations)
Mouse in cage s will die after 3 days and mouse in cage R is stay alive.
a Give one reason (inference) for the changes in the conditions of the
rice.
Berikan satu sebab (inferens) tentang perubahan keadaan nasi
tersebut.
Nasi terdedah / dicemari oleh bakteria dan kulat
Container M Container N
Rajah 21
Ketinggian tumbuhan M dicatatkan setiap dua hari pada minggu kedua. Keputusan yang didapati
dikumpulkan dalam Jadual 1.
Number of Days
8 10 12 14
Bilangan Hari
The Height of the Plant (cm)
Tinggi Tumbuhan (cm) 6 12 15
Beri satu sebab untuk menerangkan kenapa tumbuhan dalam bekas M lebih besar.
Aquarium X Aquarium Y
Bahan-bahan tersebut diadun dan diuli dengan sebati dengan teliti. Kemudian kedua-dua doh
ditutup dengan kain yang lembab dan diketepikan selama 20 minit. Keputusan adalah seperti
Jadual 1.
Dough Observation
Doh Pemerhatian
No change
P
Tiada perubahan
Rise
Q
Mengembang
500
SK Saujana Indah
Nyatakan satu sebab ( inferens ) bilangan botol plastik yang dikumpul oleh
SK Ara Rendang?
Coop A Coop B
Number of hens 5 5
Average weight of hens / kg 3.0 2.0
An orange is left on the table and its conditions are observed for a week.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Year
2004 2005 2006 2007 Tahun
a) GIVE TWO REASONS (INFERENCES) BASED ON YOUR OBSERVATION.
Berikan dua sebab yang munasabah (inferens) berdasarkan pemerhatian
kamu.
X Y
More fertilizer given to Plant X than Plant Y / Plant X gets more fertilizer than Plant Y
1.
Lebih banyak baja pada pokok X berbanding Y Pokok X lebih banyak baja berbanding Y
( Plant X gets enough water )
2
1 ( Pokok mendapat air yang mencukupi )
2
CRITERIA 1
MAKING INFERENCES(GIVING REASONS)
MEMBUAT INFERENS (MEMBERI SEBAB)
State a reasonable explanation from observation
Menyatakan satu penerangan yang munasabah tentang pemerhatian
A
B
Diagram 1
0 ( Coconut B is heavy )
1 1.
( Kelapa B berat )
CRITERIA 1
MAKING INFERENCES(GIVING REASONS)
MEMBUAT INFERENS (MEMBERI SEBAB)
C1 State a reasonable explanation from observation
Menyatakan satu penerangan yang munasabah tentang pemerhatian
EXAMPLE 5: (REASONS / INFERENCES)- COMPARING
CONTOH 5: (SEBAB / INFERENS BERBANDING)
Diagram 2
Figure (i) Adam finds it difficult to pull the load Figure (ii) Adam finds it easier to pull the load using trolley